The Mosquitoes of New Jersey 65 



called the parallel system, and the second, the pool-connecting system. 

 The former was the one generally in use while the latter was 

 thought to be adapted to particular conditions. In the parallel ditch- 

 ing scheme the territory to be drained was divided into districts on 

 the basis of the possible outlet and each block of territory crossed 

 by parallel ditches, lying sufficiently close to remove the surface water. 

 Holes and depressions were spurred into these parallel ditches or 

 filled with sod or other material. In the hole-connecting scheme 

 ditches were run from one hole to another and finally into one or 

 more outlets. It was held that such a plan was most practicable 



Fig. 34. Types of tools used. Extra long-bladed garden spade and the ditch 



it cuts. 



where the marshes were very lull of salt holes. The experience 

 of the last five years has clearly pointed out the superiority of 

 the parallel ditching and the hole-connecting plan has been practically 

 abandoned. 



Since 191 2 Eugene Winship, of the New York City Department 

 of Health, has devised and caused to be installed a large amount of 

 a still different system of salt-marsh drainage. It is known as the 

 "Checker Board System" and consists essentially of two parallel sys- 

 tems one of which is superimposed on the other at approximately 

 right angles to it. Mr. Winship claims superiority for the system orL 



