The Mosquitoes of New Jersey 165 



Russell (table i) as shown a flight of 2 miles for Anopheles 

 annulipalpis. LePrince and Orenstein^ have cited incontrovertible 

 ■evidence to show a flight of 6,250 feet by Anopheles tarsimaculata 

 and Anopheles albimanus. (The latter is a very important carrier 

 of malaria). 



Headlee^° has collected evidence to show the movement of the 

 Tiouse mosquito (Ciilex pipiens) from an area of very intense breed- 

 ing to a point fully 2.5 miles away. 



Smith^^ records that the fresh-water swamp mosquito (Acdes 

 -sylvestris) may migrate as far as 5 miles. In the month of May, 

 191 7, heavy rainfall flooded a large part of the upper Passaic Valley, 

 which contains many thousands of acres of fresh-water swamp 

 land. While the waters were still spread over a large portion of this 

 swamp-land, R. W. Gies and W. V. Becker traversed a large portion 

 of it in a canoe and found very small larvae of the fresh-water 

 swamp mosquito (Aedes sylvestris) everywhere in the quiet water. 

 The water fell with sufficient rapidity to destroy the breeding on the 

 "better-drained portions of the valley, but enough escaped from the 

 undrained sections to make trouble in June. 



To the north and west of this valley lay successive ranges of low 

 mountains beginning at an elevation of about 400 feet and increasing 

 rapidly in height, with gaps leading only to higher elevations and 

 sparse population. To the south and east lay two ridges of low 

 mountains with an extreme height of a little over 400 feet, and with 

 deep gaps leading out upon level or rolling plains of low elevation 

 and dense population. 



On June 15 a series of daylight collections made from Newark 

 to and across the upper Passaic valley showed the fresh-water swamp 

 mosquito in constantly increasing numbers from East Orange to 

 Hatfield swamp, the nearest piece of swampland in this valley, and in 

 rapidly decreasing numbers until the collecting ceased on the north 

 shore of the valley. From East Orange to Hatfield swamp, as the 

 crow flies, is about 7 miles, in the course of which the two before- 

 mentioned ridges rear their crests. By the roadway followed in 

 making the collections the distance was about 10 miles. 



Beginning on June 20, series of collections were made on all sides 

 of the upper Passaic River valley. These collections show a rapidly 



'LePrince, J. A., and Orenstein, A. J., 1916. Mosquito Control in Panama. 

 p. 94-114- 



"Headlee, Thomas J., 1917. Some recent advances in the knowledge of 

 the natural history and control of mosquitoes. N. J. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bui. 306 



"Smith, J. B., 1904. N. J. Agr. Exp. Sta. Report on Mosquitoes, p. 250. 



