22 College of Forestry 
Tree No. V had been dead probably three years (since 
1913). The tree was about seven inches D. B. H. The 
lower trunk had been injured upon one side many years 
beforé (at least ten years), probably by having part of the 
bark removed. However, it had not been entirely girdled 
and the tree had survived. The uninjured bark had partly 
overgrown the injury but not entirely —the result being 
that finally the sapwood exposed and all of the heart wood 
was well along in decay. (Figs. 29, 30.) 
Two specimens were taken from the wood of this tree in 
the field —an adult of the elaterid Adelocera brevicornis 
from the decayed heart wood, and a larva of Serropalpus 
barbatus from the sounder wood. The old burrows of P. 
rufipennis were numerous, but no living specimens remained. 
Samples of this tree from two regions were shipped to 
Syracuse and placed in breeding cages. Several segments of 
the trunk from four to ten feet from the base contained con- 
siderable dead sapwood and heart wood well along in decay. 
Another sample from twenty feet above ground contained 
only sound wood. ‘These samples yielded the following 
insects during the summer: The cerambycids Phymatodes 
dimidiatus and Asemum moestum,; the melandryid Serro- 
palpus barbatus, these coming from the more recently killed 
wood; the tenebrionid Tenebrio tenebriodes and the weevil 
Dryophthorus americanus coming from the decaying wood. 
In addition two hymenopterous parasites were bred out — the 
large Rhyssa lineolata which is parasitic upon P. dimidiatus 
and a small undetermined chalcid possibly parasitic on 
Dryophthorus americanus. 
Tree No. VI was killed by peeling probably late in 1913. 
When examined April 29, 1916, in the field it contained no 
hving P. rufipennis, although abandoned burrows of this 
scolytid were very numerous. These abandoned burrows had 
been utilized by the small scolytid Crypturgus atomus, which 
habitually starts its own burrows from those of other bark- 
boring beetles. This one species was the only form taken 
from this tree in the field. When confined in the breeding 
cage samples of this tree taken from one foot above ground 
