76 College of Forestry 
to the developing larvee, the presence of several is of no 
importance. On the other hand, so many larve, either of 
the same (Fig. 27) or different species, are sometimes pres- 
ent as to reduce the amount of available food to such an 
extent that the resulting insects are underfed and therefore 
undersized. It is likely that occasionally this condition 
becomes so acute as to result in the actual starvation of some 
of the larvee. 
Predators associated are Phyllobaenus dislocatus and 
Cymatodera bicolor. These are doubtless more dependent 
for food upon the associated scolytids, but it is believed that 
they may also feed upon the smaller flat-headed and round- 
headed borers, especially when these are young. The adults 
would experience difficulty in gaining access to the larvee on 
account of the closed burrows packed with frass, so they 
would probably only occasionally be able to attack them. 
However, the larvee of clerids are well-known inhabitants of 
the burrows made by other insects, and without doubt they 
occasionally prey upon both cerambycid and buprestid larvee. 
Three parasites were associated with L. sea-guttatus and 
the other round-headed and flat-headed borers occurring in 
limbs and tops. These include Phasgonophora sp., Atoreutus 
astigmus and Odontaulacus bilobatus, specimens of each of 
which emerged at about the same time as the two-year borers. 
No conclusive evidence definitely associating any of these 
with their host is at hand. 
Neoclytus longipes Kirby. 
Neoclytus longipes has been recorded from Canada, Vir- 
ginia and Texas by Leng (1887, p. 8). No definite state- 
ment regarding its host was found, but Wickham (1897, 
p- 152) and Morris (1916, p. 198) have taken the adult 
from freshly cut pine.* This borer was obtained by us from 
larch brought both from Crittenden and from near Wana- 
kena, showing a wide distribution in the State. 
* The senior author has taken numerous specimens from the surface 
of the bark of freshly cut balsam and spruce. 
