Insects Bred from American Larch 85 
diagonally into the sapwood (either of pine or of larch), and 
often continue their burrows for a considerable distance 
through the sapwood parallel to the surface. Usually in 
larch the larva, after it has burrowed several centimeters, 
carries the mine up to the surface of the sapwood, then 
retreats down into it and pupates. The adult on arising 
emerges by continuing the burrow made by the larva up 
through the bark. In pine, where the sapwood is much 
softer and more readily worked, the larva often burrows for 
a considerable distance before it pupates. In one case the 
burrow was followed in its entirety for a distance of 13 cm. 
between the point of entrance and the emergence hole of 
the adult—the pupal chamber being 10.5 cm. from the 
entrance hole of the larva. All of the burrow except the 
pupation chamber is filled with frass. It will be apparent 
that the burrows of C. dentipes can be readily distinguished 
from those of other flat-headed larvee occurring in larch by 
the facts just mentioned —z. e., that the larva typically 
burrows through the sapwood for some distance before 
pupating, and that the adult does not follow the larval bur- 
row back to the bark but constructs a new exit in order to 
reach the outside. 
Insects associated with C. dentipes in larch are the same 
as those listed for Neoclytus longipes. Where insects are 
excessively numerous, as shown in Fig. 27, whether they are 
of the same or of different species, it is of course apparent 
that they are injurious to each other, to such a degree as they 
limit the food available for all. 
Anthaxia quercata Fabr. 
Anthaxia quercata is reported by Horn (1882, p. 110) as 
being distributed throughout the Middle, Southern and 
Western States and California. This includes the distri- 
bution of A. cyanella, which is the female of the same 
species. This species has been bred by Chittenden (1889, 
p- 219) from chestnut twigs and he has likewise taken the 
male from the leaves of chestnut and chestnut oak. Blanch- 
ard (1889, p. 31) reports it as common in oak shrubs; Felt 
