108 College of Forestry 
was breeding in the decaying bark and probably feeding 
upon the decaying inner bark or the fungi developing therein. 
Pollenia rudis Fabr. 
(Det. by C. T. Greene) 
There can be little doubt that our specimens of this fly 
bred upon decaying matter in the bark. They emerged under 
outdoor conditions in the middle and latter part of Septem- 
ber, 1916. The insects bred from the same lot of material 
are Polygraphus rufipennis, Dendroctonus simplex, Dryoph- 
thorus americanus, Asemum moestum, and Melanophila ful- 
voguttata. It is hkely that the fly in question breeds in the 
decaying frass in the burrows of most any bark or wood- 
boring insect, and therefore we would expect in a larger 
number of breeding cages to obtain it from material derived 
from all regions of the tree and find it associated in this 
material with practically all of the borers. 
Epicallina argenticinctella Clem. 
(Det. by Carl Heinrich) 
This small moth belonging to the family Oecophoride was 
taken from a cage containing part of the limbs of Tree I. 
But one specimen was obtained and it appeared in the cage 
July 7, 1916. It is not known whether the larva had lived 
in the wood or whether it had gone there to hibernate. How- 
ever, the latter is rendered unlikely by the fact that the limbs 
confined in this breeding cage were obtained from a standing 
tree at a distance of from 18 to 45 feet from the ground. 
This, together with the fact that members of this family are 
known to breed in “ decayed wood and other dead material ” 
(Smith, 1909, p. 560), makes the presumption that this 
moth had spent its larval life in the limbs more likely. The 
date of emergence (July 6) still further strengthens this 
view. 
