64 College of Forestry 
perfectly symmetrical. If we see the basidiospore from the 
dorsal or ventral sides (Fig. 2, B) in the outline of the 
dorsiventral section we denote its position and its ecross- 
diameter as dorsiventral (either dorsal or ventral); on the 
contrary, if the side surface is turned to us we see it in the 
contour of the bilateral section (A) and we denote its posi- 
tion as lateral (either left or right). 
The spore cross-section lying at right angles to the bilateral 
and dorsiventral section (B, lr) divides the spore into two 
more or less unequal halves, a basal half (a) with the 
apiculus and an apical half (b). If these two halves as 
seen from the apiculus and the apex (also observed from the 
dorsal side) are shaped alike or approximately alike we 
denote the basidiospore as being basally equally halved, in 
other cases as basally unequally halved. If we see the spore 
from above or below in the outline of the cross-section we 
denote these positions respectively as the apical and basal 
views and the diameter of the cross-section as the basipetal 
diameter. These symmetry proportions, which correspond 
with the definite spacial orientation of each individual spore, 
are possessed by the spores of all Basidiomycetes. 
In the microscopic examination the spores of Polyporus 
pargamenus appear according to their positions in a given 
view. In general we see them in the lateral view with the 
contour of the bilateral plane (Fig. 3, 1 and r). In this 
sidewise position the spores have the form of a small kidney. 
We distinguish accordingly a convex dorsal side and a con- 
eave ventral side. According to the position of the apiculus 
we can distinguish a left (1) and a right (2) lateral posi- 
tion. Moreover, the various lateral deviations from the 
sidewise position are to be judged according to the orienta- 
tion of the apiculus. 
Tn both the dorsal and ventral positions we see the spores 
in the contour of the dorsiventral section as symmetrically 
formed, straight rods with both ends rounded (Fig. 3, v 
and d). By vertical orientation of the spore with the api- 
culus above we may determine whether the dorsal side hes 
toward one. The more the spore is shifted from the dorsal 
