Forest Development in the Adirondacks 15 
of the crest of the sand ridge which forms part of the eastern 
boundary of the bog. At its nearest point it is only a few steps 
from this road to a fine outlook above Town Line Pond. From 
this outlook nearly the whole of the bog may be seen as well as 
the relation topographically of Town Line Pond to the bog. 
(Map, fig. 1.) 
By the courtesy of the Emporium Forestry Company, the 
students of the New York State College of Forestry Summer 
Camp of 1919 were permitted to establish camp on, and conduct 
a survey of the Grasse River bog. From this survey two maps 
were made, one showing contours and two lines of levels across 
the eastern section of the bog, the other a plotting of the vege- 
tation types. These maps are used in this bulletin. (See Maps 
1, 2.) The section of the bog west of Grasse River was not 
surveyed. The writer is personally indebted to Mr. W. L. 
Sykes, President of the Emporium Forestry Company for 
personal co-operation and facilities, to Director W. E. Sander- 
son of the Summer Forestry Camp at Cranberry Lake, and 
to Mr. H. S. Andrews who was in charge of the survey. 
The Grasse River bog region differs from the usual types of 
bog areas in the Adirondacks which are commonly associated 
with glacially filled valleys and shallow undrained basins. 
Physiographically it is to be classed as one of the sand plains 
of which there are striking examples on larger or smaller scales 
in New York State. Thus, as pointed out in a previous bulletin 
(2) the Hudson—Mohawk sand plains in the Schenectady— 
Albany region, the sand plains of the Saranac at Plattsburg, 
and of the Black River below Carthage (Pine Plains) are major 
features of this type while within the Adirondacks the plains 
at the junction of Benedict Creek with the south branch of 
Moose River several miles east of Lime Kiln Lake and “ The 
Plains” of the Oswegatchie south of Wanakena in the vicinity 
of High Falls are fairly well known examples of the smaller 
sand plains. The last formed: the subject of a report by the 
State Botanist (12) and was also deseribed in the bulletin above 
eited (2, page 144). In all the above cited cases, the sand 
