42 The New York State College of Forestry 
It has not been observed that this prevalence of vegetative 
propagation is attended by a marked lessening of seed pro- 
duction except perhaps in the case of Vaccinium augustifolium. 
Observations covering three seasons seem to indicate that this 
species fruits very sparingly in the marsh, while in at least two 
of these seasons, it has yielded full crops of blue berries where 
it occurs on drained sandy soils. In general, however, seed 
production seems abundant in this bog, but insufficient data are 
at hand as to viability and the extent of reproduction by this 
means. 
COMPARISON OF THE GRASSE RIVER SAND PLAIN WITH 
OTHER SAND PLAINS OF NEW YORK 
It will be recalled that the special interest of the present 
study of bog vegetation les in the physiographic character of 
the region. It is clearly one of the so-called sand plains of 
which other examples are found in the case of “the plains” 
of the upper Oswegatchie and on a much larger scale in those 
of the Hudson and Mohawk drainage near Schenectady and 
Albany, of the Saranac at Plattsburg and of the Black River 
below Carthage at Pine Plains. In the case of the Grasse 
River Marsh, as it is called, the plain lies so low that distinctly 
hydrophytic vegetation results, becoming a normal bog sequence 
in the lower undrained portion and showing a_ secondary 
sequence of marsh or semi-marsh grasses and sedges and of 
willows and alders following the destruction of a swamp or 
semi-swamp (probably a balsam swamp) forest on the slightly 
elevated and non-peat forming section. On the other hand, 
the vegetation of the higher lyimg sand plains mentioned is 
distinctly xerophytic. In the ease of the Hudson-Mohawk, 
the Saranac and the Black River sand plains, the present 
vegetation is prevailingly pine heath, a phase of secondary suc- 
cession following the destruction of an (apparently) edaphic 
climax formation of white pine. Pitch pine is the dominant 
species in these cases though heath shrub associations are still 
strongly represented, notably by Comptonia peregrina, Vaccin- 
ium vacillans, Gaylussacia resinosa and Arctostaphylos wva-ursa 
