48 Discussion of Industries 
York woodlots and forests, if properly cared for, will always 
be important producers of white pine, spruce, hemlock, cotton- 
wood, and the other important species so much in demand by 
the manufacturing industries of the community. Here is one 
of the finest opportunities for the sale of small-sized and low- 
grade timber cut from young plantations in making improve- 
ment thinnings. Some of the less important species, such as 
beech and elm, are very desirable for certain kinds of crating 
because of greater strength and toughness. Elm crating, when 
properly secured by metal cleating, is especially satisfactory 
where strength and toughness are required. 
The box industry offers exceptional opportunities for the 
close utilization of low grades and waste. New England box- 
board custom is to saw the log through and through. This, of 
course, is always second-growth material, and consequently 
they cut it this way. The board is cut into lengths and edged 
just sufficiently to take off the bark on each side, with the result 
that many boards are narrow at one end and wider at the other. 
This practice of making box boards permits the closest utiliza- 
tion possible. Some mills are manufacturing box boards from 
slabs that would otherwise go to the hog, slasher pile, or refuse 
burner. Some industries work up veneer cores as box boards. 
Many industries instead of buying box material or boxes use 
their otherwise waste pieces or poor ends of the grades for this 
purpose. All of these expedients save money and permit the 
use of better lumber for more exacting purposes. 
