Furnture 61 
for by the high grade of stock required and the fact that some 
furniture stock enters the factory in dimension form. 
In addition to the 76,963,000 feet cut up by the furniture 
trade, a considerable number of million surface feet of hard 
veneers are used in furniture. This quantity has not been added 
to the tabulation, which shows only lumber. Birch, gum, oak, 
mahogany, and black walnut are the important vencers, which 
form the surfaces of our most expensive furniture. 
Inferior species and grades enter the trade as core stock and 
backing. Some of the quantities reported in the table are used 
for frames, braces, drawer bottoms and sides, and other invisible 
parts, using poor stock. ‘“‘ Built-up” (laminated or veneer) 
material not only gives a rare beauty of grain and figure but 
makes a stronger article, which is lighter, less lable to warp 
or split than a solid piece, and at the same time uses inferior 
pieces to advantage. The use of built-up stock is increasing 
to a large extent not only because of the cali for stronger 
material, but also on account of the necessity of closer 
utilization. 
Wormy chestnut is no doubt the species used to the greatest 
extent as core wood, because the small holes in the chestnut 
which make it unsightly for exterior use, give extra holding 
strength to the glue, and for that reason are actually a desirable 
feature. 
A few concerns in New York devote most of their time to 
the manufacture of built-up panels which are utilized by the 
furniture and fixture trades to a large extent. 
The number of firms reporting in 1919 is 31 per cent less 
than in 1912. The total consumption of lumber by this indus- 
try has decreased 26 per cent. These figures seem to indicate 
that the industries though smaller in number are individually 
of about the same size as to lumber consumption. New species 
entering into the industry are witch hazel, hickory, arborvitae, 
and teak. 
One correspondent wrote that on account of the increased 
cost of labor, power, and rent it had been necessary to 
discontinue practically all of his manufacturing from raw 
