70 Discussion of Industries 
over 16,000,000 feet of local raw material. The average price 
for the whole industry, $89.03 per thousand, is only exceeded 
by eight other industries in the State and is indicative of the 
high lage of material demanded for musical instruments. 
There is no great waste in the factories. While only the 
clear stock free from all defects can be used, most of the small 
ends and blocks can be utilized. Yellow poplar, maple, and 
gum waste generally can be turned into small parts for interior 
of pianos, while the waste from the dimension stock of the 
high-grade woods is used for ornaments, carvings, corners, 
moldings, ete. The cost of assorting is the great obstacle to 
economically handling such waste for the productim of some 
valuable by-product. 
Car ConsTRUCTION 
Car construction is one of the most important wood-using 
industries in the State. It ranks seventh in the list of indus- 
tries reporting and consumed 34,476,000 feet of lumber and 
dimension stock. The wood is used in the manufacture and 
repair of freight, passenger, Pullman, and baggage cars, and in 
the cabs of locomotives. Several large railroads have impor-»* 
tant establishments and repair shops within this State. Some 
material entering the repair trade comes direct from the mill 
all worked and is consequently not reported in this industry 
but has been included with planing mills and general mill work. 
A large amount of material, especially in dimension form, is 
used in the maintenance of way; none of this material is 
reported in this table. 
Southern yellow pine contributed about two-thirds of all 
wood entering this important industry at an average cost of 
$63.86 per thousand or about $4.50 per thousand less than the 
average cost for all species. These southern yellow pines find 
a great variety of uses in the car trade. Especially they are 
used for heavy framing and construction, siding, flooring, roof- 
ing, decking, and grain doors. The oaks are used largely for car 
frames, posts, and locomotive woodwork. White oak is very 
