EATON — BIRDS OF WESTERN NEW YORK. 45 



528. Acanthis linaria (Linn.) Redpoll. 



Winter visitant ; of irregular occurrence. Cayuga Co. , common, 

 fall and winter of 1 878-1 879 ; Erie Co., common, winter of 1 880-1 881, 

 Nov. 25 — Apr. 6. Some years not found at all. Occurs in flocks, 

 feeding on seeds of the birch, alder and weeds. 



529. Astragalinus tristis (Linn.) American goldfinch. 

 Resident ; abundant in summer, of irregular distribution in 



winter. Found in gardens, fields, orchards and hedgerows ; swamps 

 in winter. The latest of our birds to breed ; July 5— Aug. 10. Nest, 

 in bush or low tree ; eggs 4-5. Beneficial. 



533- Spinus pinus (Wils. ) Pine siskin. 



Winter visitant ; rather irregular in distribution ; sometimes 

 abundant and sometimes not seen for years in a given locality. Nov. 

 — Apr. 



534. Passerina nivalis (Linn.) Snowflake. 



Winter visitant ; some years abundant. Oct. 25 — Mar. 15. 

 Travels in flocks, feeding on weed seeds in the open field. 



536. Calcarius lapponicus (Linn.) Lapland longspun 



Winter visitant ; rare. Several records. The last, Canandaigua, 

 Jan. 27, 1898. Found in company with snowflakes. 



540. Pooecetes gramineus (Gmel. ) Vesper sparrow. 



Summer resident ; abundant. Apr. 2 — Nov. i. Frequents 

 open fields and roadsides. Nest, on the ground among the grass ; 

 May 2 — June 30 ; two broods ; eggs 4-5. Beneficial, like all our native 

 sparrows. 



542a. Ammodramus sandwichensis savanna (Wils.) Savanna 

 sparrow. 



Summer resident ; common. Apr. 10 — Oct. 20. Found in 

 open fields, prefers lower meadows than the vesper sparrow. Nest, 

 on the ground among the thick grass. May 5 — July 15 ; two broods ; 

 eggs, 3-5- 



546. Ammodramus savannarum passerinus (Wils.) Grass- 

 hopper sparrow. 



Summer resident ; fairly common among rolling sand-hills, but 

 by no means of general distribution. May 18 — Oct. 5. Nest found 

 at Maplewood, Monroe Co., June i, 1893 — Short, p. 15. Also at 

 Phelps and Chili. 



