( 46 ) 



formed and Kauai had received the immigrants which have 

 produced its dominant handed Colour-group II (= A). 



(2) The black Group I (= E) then arose in Hawaii, perhaps 

 in consequence of the arrival from Asia of the second immi- 

 grant ancestor, 0. nigripennis. On the other hand, in the 

 specimens sent by Dr. Perkins, the wings of some of the 

 Odyneri were so much darker and more iridescent than those 

 of the nigripennis as to throw some doubt upon the hypothesis 

 that the latter had acted as the model. After the group was 

 formed, Hawaii became a centre for the occasional accidental 

 dispersal of black species to Maui and further north-westwards 

 to other islands ; or the spread of Group I may have followed 

 the dispersal of the black-bodied, dark-winged <>. nigripennis, 

 which Dr. Perkins described as the most dominant and wide- 

 spread species on all the islands except Kauai. That the 

 black Group I is oldest on Hawaii was indicated by its almost 

 complete dominance in that island. 



(3) On Kauai, 0. nigripennis became absorbed into the 

 dominant Colour-group, giving rise to the yellow-banded 

 0. radvia, F. This species is as abundant on Kauai as 

 nigripennis on the other islands, and Dr. Perkins suggests the 

 possibility (among others) of a diaposematic relationship, the 



[lxiii 

 other Kauai species gaining the dark iridescent wings of <). 

 radula, the latter gaining their yellow bands. 



(4) I'lie red-marked Group 111 (= D) arose in Kauai, 

 Molokai or Maui, soon became common to all three, and, by 

 accidental transport, was carried to all the other islands. The 

 members that reached Hawaii have been nearly absorbed into 

 its one dominant black group. The two allied species on 

 Kauai are the result of an inter-island immigration so 

 recent that neither of the Colour-groups has affected the 

 other. 



(5) In Oahu, nearest to Kauai, traces of the original banded 

 pattern were more evident (in members of Colour-group II 

 (= B), and especially in IV) than on any other island except 

 Kauai. The red-marked Group III arose under the influence 

 of immigrants from Molokai, etc., while in other species fin 

 Group II) the same character has tended to disappear, 



