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1. Salamis cacta, F. — The Oriental Kallimas were well known 

 to exhibit the most remarkable variation in the colours and 

 patterns of the under surface. It was generally believed that 

 these individual differences, which appeared in the broods of 

 both wet and dry seasons, would be found in the butterflies 

 raised from the eggs laid by a single female, but so far as 

 Prof. Poulton was aware this conclusion had never been 

 tested by breeding. It was therefore very satisfactory that 

 Mr. Lam born had succeeded in rearing from a batch of small 

 larvae found upon the upper surface of a single leaf, a family 

 of S. carta, allied to Kallima, and showing the same kind of 

 individual variation. The larvae were found in the forest 

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two miles E. of Oni Camp, on October 5, 1910, and the whole 

 cycle of development evidently lay well within the limits of 

 the wet season, which extended from about April 25 to 

 November 15, 1910. The position and uniform size of the 

 larvae, together with the dates of emergence, showed that 

 Mr. Lamborn was dealing with a company hatched from a 

 single batch of eggs. The twenty-nine butterflies exhibited 

 the most remarkable differences of under surface — differences 

 which could be grouped in four main classes, according to the 

 tint of the ground-colour and according to the presence or 

 absence of a large white patch covering in great part the basal 

 half of the hind wing. There was furthermore in all four 

 classes great variation in the mottling and in the development 

 of the oblique veining on the basal side of the midrib-like 

 stripe The pattern of the upper surface was remarkably 

 uniform, and there was no doubt that all the appearances 

 presented by the under were procryptic, as in Kallima. The 

 dates of emergence, sexes and main classes of the twenty-nine 

 individuals were set forth in the table on the following page. 



The table showed that the thirteen males emerged on the 

 average rather earlier than the sixteen females, that the colour 

 differences were unconnected with sex, that the two main 

 classes were as nearly as possible equal, viz. fifteen purplish 

 to fourteen greenish, but that the white patch was far more 

 frequently associated with the purplish than with the greenish 

 ground-colour— viz. seven out of fifteen to three out of fourteen. 



