( 87 ) 



ness of their grouping by systematists, which was originally 

 based on a study of the anatomical features of imagines. 



(2) Two bred families of the Pierine butterfly, Leuceronia 

 argia, Fabr., with the $ parent in each case. The 9 parent of 

 the first family was yellow without any orange flush at the 

 base of the forewing. This family consisted of three males and 

 nine females, five of which were yellow and four white, and 

 all these females exhibited an orange flush at the base of the 

 forewing on the upper and under sides. In the second family 

 the female parent again was yellow without orange flush. 

 There were only two female offspring, one of which resembled 

 the parent exactly, whereas the other, a white variation, showed 

 the orange flush. 



The results in tabular form were as follows : — 



Family I : — 



Parent, captured May 26th, 1912, yellow without orange 

 flush, laid ova May 26th, died May 27th. 



All the females, white and yellow alike, with orange flush. 

 Family II : — 



Parent, captured April 16th, 1912, yellow without orange 

 flush, laid ova April 17th to 19th, died April 20th. 



One female white with orange flush, one female yellow 

 without orange flush. 



[cxxi 

 (3) An instance of the relentless war of species against 



