14 MEANING OF SHAPES AND COLOUIiS OF THE MEMBRACID^. 



fly " (itiilics minej, seems to luive been intiueuced by the magnified representation on 

 Plate VII. 



In Adipjje, and perhaps Aryaide (Plates XL. and XLI.), mimetic resemblances or 

 warning colours are again suggested, the most probable models being the conspicuous 

 unpalatable groups of Coleoptera. As in so many other cases the extreme 

 conspicuousness suggests the MuUeriau rather than Batesian form of mimicry. 

 Protective resemblance to plant structures of various kinds appears to be the 

 interpretation of nearly the whole of tlie next set of genera, some of which had been 

 also illustrated in earlier plates : Godin(jia, Aiifianthe, Cyrtolobus, Hille, Tlielia, Publilia, 

 A/i/iiiiin, SticfoccpJiala, Ti'lainotia, and Helina (Plates XLI.-XLIII.). Gibboinorpha 

 (Plates XLI. and XLII.) however appears to be more conspicuous and may be 

 aposematic or mimetic. Some of the species of TeJcniwna, figured on Plate XLIIL, 

 viz., T. siniiala, albidorsala, and tiin-ifella, also possess a remarkable colouring which 

 requires investigation in the natural surroundings. 



The genera next represented in the plates are those considered as introductory to 

 the Cenirotidce proper (p. 205). Li/coderes (Plates XLIII.-XLV. and XLVII.) 

 includes species some of which (XLIII. 8 ; XLIV. 5, 6 ; XLV. 1, 2) are probably 

 concealed by resemblance to plant structures, while others appear to possess warning 

 or mimetic colours (XLIV. 1, 2, 3 ; XLVII. 4). L. b//rmeisferi may be mimetic of 

 some other conspicuous distasteful Homopterous insect, such as a Fulgorid. In the 

 remarkable genus Q^da (Plate XLV.), the pronotum forms a huge inflated sac, the 

 orange-coloured walls of which are transparent and marked with lines due to the 

 existence of a branching network. Mr. Buckton considers this appearance to be 

 leaf-like (p. 205); but it is more probably a case of jjrotective resemblance to the 

 curious cocoons of certain Neotropical moths, which are constructed of an open net- 

 work of coarse silken strands of an orange colour. The colour of (Eda vnflata, as 

 shown in Plate XLV., Fig. 4, is too dark and opaque to indicate this resemblance. 

 It is, however, sufficiently clear in Erich Haase's, Plate XIII., Figs. 112 and 113 

 (English translation "Researches on Mimicry," &c., Pt. II., Stuttgart, 1896). 

 Haase himself considered that the insect resembles the empty pupal shell of a 

 butterfly. The entire passage from the original work (Stuttgart, 1893) is as follows : 

 " Ein anderer anscheinender Grenzf;ill gehcirt dagegen sicher in die Kategorie der 

 'Schlitzenden Aehnlichkeit.' Derselbe betriflft eine merkwiirdige neotropische 

 Buckelzirpe Smilia {Oeda) inflafa, F., deren Nackenschild von blasigen Hohlrilumen 

 durchzogen ist und den winzigen Korper von oben voUkommon verdeckt. So gleicht 

 das auf einem Blatte oder an einem Zweige meist ruhig sitzende Thier durchaus der 

 leeren Puppenhitlse eines bereits ausgeschltipften Tagfalters." The English trans- 

 lation, by M. C. Child, is as follows: "Another apparently transitional case belongs 



