106 H. P. STEENSBY. 
umiaks found, but they used the word to indicate Lyon’s ship. Judging 
from the number of bones Lyon found, the reindeer appears to be their 
chief article of food, but he also found stores of walrus and seal blubber. 
Moreover, the tents were pitched along a small stream which was ‘confined 
by a dam, behind which they caught salmon with a fish spear. In the 
same place were found, along the coast, ranges of stones which evidently 
served as a fence when hunting reindeer herds. 
In 1898 the above-mentioned Captain Comer visited the south-west 
coast of Southampton Island, near the Bay of God’s Mercy, and met natives 
who told him that about the year 1830 a group from the island had visited 
the mainland across Rowe’s Welcome, which was at that time entirely ice- 
covered. In 1898 the entire population of the island numbered 58 persons. 
A few years later a Scottish whaling company established a station on the 
south coast of Southampton Island, and landed a group of Eskimo from 
the north side of Hudson Strait. These Eskimo, who were armed with 
modern rifles. destroyed the reindeer hunting to such an extent for the 
islanders who were armed with bows and arrows only, that these could not 
procure for themselves sufficient autumn hunting and winter supplies, but 
all died from hunger during the winter of 1902. 
Kinipetu'. 
One of the most interesting Eskimo tribes is the Kinipetu Eskimo, but 
unfortunately it is the one which is least known. The tribe lives in the 
region between Chesterfield Inlet and Back River, which means that it is 
an inland tribe, and it is possible that originally the whole tribe did not 
go down to the sea-coast ‘every winter for the purpose of hunting seals. 
In later years the wish to trade and to enter the service of the whalers 
has undoubtedly been instrumental in promoting journeys to the coast. 
Their hunting and fishing grounds proper are the districts around the 
series of lakes which, westwards, form a continuation of Chesterfield Inlet and 
the group of lakes in the intermediate part ot Back River. Kinipetu Eskimo 
have been met with both at the sea-coast and at the Lake-Garry-group. 
Back, to be sure, met no members of the tribe, but he frequently came 
across traces of them between 101° and 102° W. long.; as for instance, 
several fences for reindeer hunting, fragments of a kayak and tent-rings. 
JAMES ANDERSON, on his journey down in July 1855, met Eskimo at the 
western end of Lake Pelly, and between Lake Pelly and Lake Garry. On 
his return journey in August he again met this group of Eskimo, which 
consisted of about 15 individuals. From the amount and quality of European 
goods found among them J. ANDERSON concluded that they must belong to 
the tribe which came to Hudson Bay for the purpose of trade. He found 
! Principal authors consulted are: JAMES ANDERSON; Back; Boas, XI; GILDER; 
KrutscHak; Kine; W. Pike. Cf. STEENSBY, I, рр. 81—88. 
