Survey of Northeast Greenland. 295 
one at once gain a tolerably, reliable general view of the value of 
the material provided and thereby, in turn, get the possibility of — 
being able to remedy existing drawbacks while in the place itself. 
The fact that one’s physical strength becomes almost exhausted 
during the day’s march may entirely exclude an advantageous choice 
of stations of observation. One is often forced by the travelling con- 
ditions to perform the observations, whilst one’s comrades pitch the 
tent, feed the dogs, cook the food or sleep, and for that reason it 
is necessary to choose the observation in the immediate vicinity of 
the camping place. But if one has sufficient time and strength to 
do so, one should not shirk the effort of a mountain ascent; from 
one station with a favourable position and high altitude a more 
reliable and complete material is obtained than from several small 
stations on the sea ice. 
The sketching survey comprises: 
The drawing of perspective sketches. 
The determination of the bearings at the points to be included 
in the observations. 
Levelling. 
Measuring of the distance. 
Notes during the journey from station to station. 
Map sketching during the journey. 
The perspective sketches. 
In the eyes of the beginner perspective drawing often looms up 
as great difficulty, but a few experiments are generally sufficient to 
persuade one that the difficulties may be surmounted. For beginners 
_Т would recommend chequered paper (squares of 1 cm”). In arctic 
regions it is practicable to use yellow paper, as the eyes are then 
less strained than when using white. 
The drawing has only to represent the characteristic features of 
the landscape in fairly correct proportions; but no extreme degree of 
accuracy is demanded. It may even serve one’s purpose to make 
certain things stand out more clearly in the drawing than they appear 
in nature, and so in this manner to exclude all doubt, when one 
bas to use the sketch for the later drawing of the map. 
When the temperature is low and the terrain intricate, the making 
of sketches may sometimes be a tedious task, but one must not for 
that reason reduce the demands on accuracy. In the course of the 
further preparation of the map doubts often arise as to details, 
especially in the case of an intricate terrain, and then there is no 
expedient to clear up the doubt, except the sketches. 
