372 I. P. Косн. 
mountains, signatures for water courses, local glaciers, local névés 
are consequently not only an expression of the fact that in the places 
in question there are mountains, water courses &c., but also a more 
or less reliable indication of shape and position!). As an example 
one may conclude from the map that the greater western part of 
Lamberts Land is bordered by a tall and steep mountain slope; on 
the other hand it would be wrong to conclude from the map that 
the interior of Lamberts Land is an even plateau. The fact that the 
terrain in this place is not represented in ihe map only shows that 
the material compiled does not give sufficient hold for a figuration. 
From Haystack (75°43') and in a southern direction the surveys 
of the Danmark-Ekspedition have been restricted to supplementing 
PAYER's map in the interior of Ardencaple Inlet and in the bay 
northwest of Kuhn ©. The remainder of the map of the Danmark- 
Ekspedition south of Haystack is a reproduction of PAYER's map. 
Payer, however, as shown with sufficient clearness in the map, 
followed a somewhat different principle for the figuration of the 
terrain than the one I used. Thus PayEr’s map shows, on Hoch- 
stetters Forland, a great number of water courses. This means that 
here one may expect to come across many water courses; on the 
stretches surveyed by the Danmark-Expedition the water course 
signature on the other hand shows that for each of the signatures 
delineated on the map a water course is seen, the position of which 
is determined with a fair degree of certainty. It would thus be quite 
wrong if, for instance, one were to conclude from the map that on 
Hochstetters Forland there are comparatively greater quantities of 
running water than on Germania Land. 
Ice and water. In the maps four topographically different 
formations of ice are represented, i. e. 1) Inland ice and local névés, 
2) Icebergs, 3) Fjord ice and 4) Drift ice. 
As regards the inland ice I have abandoned the usually accepted 
signature, the symbology of which seems to me to rest, in far too 
high a degree, on a wrong conception of the nature of the ice. 
The circumstance that the inland ice of Northeast Greenland in 
several places extends so far across the sea that it must at last elude 
the firm ground and floats in the water, has the effect that at the 
transition between the floating ice and the ice resting on the bottom, 
enormous pressure ridges may occur, having a similar appearance to 
big pressure ridges in drift ice”). The hummocks in the inland ice, 
1) This does not hold good of the part round the mouth of Hagens Fjord, where 
I have replaced the designation of HAGEN, “undulated upland” with a signature. 
?) For the further description with photographs of the natural conditions here 
mentioned, see pp. 7—19. 
