Survey of Northeast Greenland. 373 
the source of so much trouble during the sledge journey, are indi- 
cated in the map (see Nordost-Gronland, Nordlige Blad: in Jökel- 
bugten at Nordre Depot, and several other places, also in the outer 
part of the Nioghalvfjerdsfjord). 
The drift ice signature indicates the sn limit of how 
far the drift ice can reach towards the shore. It will appear that 
the drift ice in no way everywhere can block the outer coast, which 
fact, among other things, plays a practical part on sledge trips. 
On the map the fjord ice is indicated in the same way as open 
water. This is in itself unfortunate, and may give rise to miscon- 
ception; but I have not been able to surmount this difficulty without 
making the map too complicated and the reproduction too expensive. 
Wherever we: have come across fjord ice there must on some occasion 
or other have been open water. For that reason the map must, 
however, not lead one to suppose that late in the summer there 
should normally be open water in these places. This will not be the 
case, especially in the regions north of Germania Land. For further 
particulars as regards the drifl ice and the fjord ice see chapt. VI 
“Features of the Geography of Northeast Greenland”. 
The names. The principle followed by the expedition in the 
settling of the names on the map was the simple one of respecting 
the explorers, traditional right of name-giving. The first consequence 
of this course must be to respect the names given by earlier explorers, 
in so far as they could be localized. This was the case with all 
the names chosen by the Germaniaexpedition; nevertheless Kap Bis- 
marck has been removed to another locality than the one to which 
the Germaniaexpedition had attached the name. This happened in 
the following manner: 
The Germaniaexpedition had placed the name Kap Bismarck at 
the extreme headland of a peninsula projecting in a southerly direction 
from what is now called Germania Land, and in such a manner that 
Kap Bismarck, according to the German map, came to be a kind of 
mark for making the northern entrance to Dove Bugt"). During a 
period of about thirty years this point was the northernmost, fairly 
surely determined locality on the coast of East Greenland. The 
name, therefore, became invested with a certain geographical interest, 
and quite naturally Kap Bismarck became the place which already 
before the Danmark-Ekspedition left home, according to the pro- 
gramme, had been selected as the wintering place of the expedition. 
When in August 1906 we entered Danmarks Havn, we passed a 
1) See “Uebersichtskarte des nördlichen Theiles von Ostgrönland” in Die zweite 
deutsche Nordpolfahrt, Bd. I, p. 470. 
