412 I. P. Косн. 
Bays, Fjords and Sounds. 
In Scoresby Sound and the Franz Joseph Fjords where the con- 
ditions are comparatively well-known, the fjord ice has not in a single 
case been known with certainty to remain stationary throughout the 
summer. Fjord ice, several years old, is not to be found here. As 
to the fjords outside Gael Hamkes Bai and round Ardencaple Inlet 
practically nothing is known in this respect, but there is every likeli- 
hood that also in this place perfectly open water would be met with 
during the latter part of the summer. As far as the, Dove Bugt is 
concerned, observations have been made in the years 1906, 1907 
and 1912. During these three years the ice sheet in the main remained 
on the bay, whereas the many small fjords and sounds presumably 
became free of ice. However, in the year 1912 the western and 
northern parts of the bay itself became free of ice about September 
lst, in consequence of strong north-westerly winds. From Skærfjorden 
and further north one may venture to say that only in exceptional 
cases does the ice sheet disappear altogether. A single piece of 
driftwood found at Rekvedgen, however, seems to indicate that Skær- 
fjorden can become free of ice. Driftwood has not been found in 
the fjords on the stretch between Ile de France and Nordost-Run- 
dingen (on the other hand it is to be found, although sparingly, 
along the outer coast as well as frozen into the drift ice). However, 
the appearance of icebergs frozen into the fjord ice in Orleans Sund 
in the southwesterly part of Jokelbugten and in Hekla Sund shows 
that open water may form in certain places. From the report of 
MyLius ERICHSEN, dated Sept. 12th 1907 and brought home by Esnar 
MIKKELSEN!) we know that rather considerable quantities of driftwood 
appear in the interior of Danmarksfjord — a sure sign that this 
fjord may become free of ice. From the same account we further 
know that the interior of the Danmarkfjord in the year 1907 was 
open from shore to shore, while the ice presumably remained stationary 
farther out. 
In one of his croquis HAGEN”) indicates an iceberg at the 
mouth of Hagens Fjord, and from the journey of Knup RASMUSSEN 
in 1912 FREUCHEN?) states that in this place there are big disconnected 
floes of “sikosak” (inland ice formed on the sea). These observations 
show that Hagens Fjord may become open, but also — considering 
that the sikosak is perennial — that as a rule the fjord does not 
every year become free of ice throughout its full extent. 
1) Medd. om Grønland, Bd. XLI, р. 472; ЕзмАв MIKKELSEN: Tre Aar paa Grønlands 
Ostkyst, p. 155. 
*) Medd. om Grønland, Bd. XLI, pl. У. 
3) “General observations as to natural conditions” by PETER FREUCHEN, Medd. om 
Grønl. LI, pp. 357— 360. 
