Survey of Northeast Greenland. 433 
Through our observations of the occurrence of the alpine land- 
forms it is possible to get certain ideas of the former dimensions 
and extent of the inland ice in Northeast Greenland. 
The nunataks west of Dronning Louises Land only seem to have 
been very little influenced by a former higher ice level. The lowest 
nunataks, which only projected as much as about fifty metres through 
the ice showed, it is true, a tendency to more rounded and softer 
landforms, but we did not find a pronounced moutonnéed landform 
in this place. It is not reasonable to suppose that the inland ice in 
this place has ever lain more than a couple of hundred metres 
higher than it does now. The present altitude ot the surface of the 
ice at the nunataks is between 1800 and 1900 m. An increase in the 
thickness of the ice of a couple of hundred metres will, in reality, be 
sufficient to make Dronning Louises Land disappear, with the ex- 
ception of the very highest peaks. 
In the same degree of latitude as the above mentioned nunatak 
land, but 150 to 200km more to the east, lies the island of Store 
Koldewey, the highest point of which is 971m. This island has been 
covered by inland fice, and considering the depth of the sea west 
and east of the island we may, therefore, take it for granted that 
in this place an ice cap has melted off, the thickness of which has 
been 1000 to 2000 m. The thickness of the ice, which has disappeared, 
thus seems to be five to ten times as great at the outer coast as in 
the western part of Dronning Louises Land, which observation seems 
to point towards the fact that the inland ice in the central part of 
Greenland in the glacial period, has not practically been more power- 
ful than it is now. That the coast land on about 77° has been 
covered by an ice cap of 1000 to 2000 m in thickness corresponds 
well with the fact that the country during the alluvial period has 
risen about 400 m. The weight of a gneiss mass of 400 m in thick- 
ness will nearly correspond with the weight of an ice cap of 1200 m. 
If we follow the occurrence of the alpine landform in a northern 
direction, we find not only that the alpine peaks become lower, but 
also that the lowest part of the alpine landform approaches very 
nearly to the level of the sea. From this we see that the ice cap of 
the glacial period in the northernmost part of Greenland has scarc@ly 
been of any very considerable thickness, and so has hardly reached 
beyond the sea in the same degree as farther south. 
Ice period landiorms. 
Before going on to mention the landforms created by the inland 
ice, I must premise a few remarks on the manner, in which the 
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