54 Pai't III. — Tiventy-pAghth Annual lieport 



side, but are covered with slcin on the blind side. The latter are, moreover, 

 smaller than the former. 



"When the brain was exposed (fig. 4) it was seen that the optic nerve 

 which supplies the left side was absent. In the blind orbit there was a 

 mass of muscles bound together which were apparently the eye muscles, 

 -Em., that should have served the left eye. The pituitary body (pi.) is 

 remarkable for its projecting a considerable distance in front of the brain. 

 It is attached to the brain by a narrow tube, and is bound in situ to the 

 fascia that lines the floor of the cranial cavity. The olfactory nerves arose 

 from a small swelling on the anterior edge of the cerebral hemispheres. I 

 did not make out this swelling in the brain of a normal Lophius. The 

 sensory process on the upper lip receives its principal nerve supply from the 

 olfactory nerve. 



The under surface of the brain of the abnormal specimen is shown in fig. 

 5. A small nerve twig (n') was found alongside the origin of the single optic 

 nerve. It may have been a strand of the optic nerve. 



For the purpose of comparison, dorsal and ventral views of the brain of a 

 normal Lophius are shown in figs. 12 and 11. 



Three Cases of Hermaphroditism in the God (Gadus callarias). 



An hermaphrodite cod \i^as courteously sent to the Laboratory by Mr. 

 Downie, Fishcurer, Whitehills, on February 26, 1910. 



The fish was 34| inches (86 cm.) long. The roe was a large normal pair 

 of ovaries with one small milt attached to the anterior extremity of the 

 right ovary, and a similar small milt attached to the posterior surface at the 

 line of junction of the ovaries. It was of an orange colour, and is shown 

 in dorsal view in fig 59. 



The specimen was for a short time in alcohol before it was examined. 



The ovary contained yolked eggs ; the largest egg observed measured 

 •8 X "9 mm. In the gathering part of the ovary (non-ov., fig. 68), old 

 empty egg-capsules and some small clear eggs were found. The latter did 

 not exceed 1 mm. in diameter. The empty capsules were probably derived 

 from eggs left in the ovary from the previous spawning. 



The testis contained white milt, in which the sperms were free. 



The testis at the anterior end is supplied with blood from the same vessel 

 that serves the ovary. The stalk connecting the two organs was cut across 

 close to the milt. The section (fig. 64) shows a large vein, v., and several 

 vasa deferentia. An artery {ar. ?) was probably present, but was not made 

 out. Another section made one-eighth of an inch nearer the ovary showed 

 the two vasa deferentia, VI). and VD"., had united, but the two on the 

 opposite side still remained independent, Where the stalk joins the ovary 

 the wall of the latter exhibits in its thickness a number of slit-like lacunae. 

 They extend over an area measuring about one inch in diameter ; it is 

 indicated in fig. 59 by the dotted line ch. A section of the wall here is 

 shown in fig. 60. Solidified white matter was found in one of these spaces. 

 These lacunee, which apparently serve as vesiculse seminales, open eventually 

 into the ovary. This is shown semi-diagramatically in fig. 70. A pad of 

 white solid matter resembling milt was found at the opening marked o. 



A general view of the arrangement of the parts at the posterior end of the 

 ovary is given in fig. 68. 



A section through the stalk connecting the testis to the roe is shown in 

 fig. 67. One vas deferens had a thick wall and was filled with white matter ; 

 the other had a thin collapsed wall, but it also contained a small quantity of 

 white material. 



The two vasa deferentia, after they arrive at the line of union of 

 the two ovaries, were still to be traced for a little way down on either 

 side of the blood-vessels there. On the internal surface of the ovary 



