226 AGRICULTURAL REPORT. 
° 
be tried in cultivation for hay, but for pastures would doubtless soon be 
trod out by animals. Fields of this species, Andropogon furcatus, An- 
dropogon scoparius, and Sorghum nutans, inclosed from stock and mowed 
only after full maturity in autumn, would long remain ‘good natural 
meadows; and this plan will probably be adopted until the lands ad- 
vance so much in value that the hay product alone will cease to be a 
paying crop. 
Ceratochloa grandiflora, Hook.—This species inhabits the mountam 
districts and has a wide range, reaching the Pacific in some of its forms. 
It is a large species, growing three feet high, often more in good soils; 
not a coarse species for its size. Generically, this species is nearly re- 
lated to Bromus, and much resembles Bromus Kalmii, but "has much 
larger and broader spikes, not drooping as in that species. From its 
habit of growing a mass of radical leaves early in its season, preventing 
the growth of intruding annuals, it maintains its place in localities 
where there is strong native competition, and even extends its areas by 
means of its seeds. It is inclined to fall in storms in rich soil when in 
fruit. It should probably be cut for hay before the seed matures, unless 
the practice should be found to injure the vitality of the root. This 
species merits thorough trial in all localities. 
In the mountain districts Poa nemoralis and Poa serotina may prove 
profitable pasture grasses; both are natives of the region, and worthy 
of trial in cultivation. Agrostis vulgaris, With., is a hardy species, 
tenacious of life, native of Europe and America; found in wet lands, but 
will thrive in dry, close soils. It may prove profitable in some localities 
for pasturage. 
Of foreign species, perhaps the most promistng is Festuca pratensis, 
Huds., similar to Ceratochloa grandiflora. This species grows an abun- 
dance of radical leaves, which retain their vitality through the autumn 
and into the early winter, and in the southern districts would probably 
remain green through the year. Thisisalarge, tall-growing species, and 
not a very coarse grass. It is a native of Europe, and is there esteemed 
as a valuable hay and pasture grass. It has been introduced into this 
country, and cultivated in some localities. ; 
Lolium perenne, Lin.—An Asiatic and European species, esteemed as 
a pasture grass in some parts of the country, and merits trial. Phleum 
pratense, Lin., will of course be tested thoroughly, but it is believed to 
succeed very indifferently throughout the whole extent of this region, 
on account of the open, light, porous soil not affording its roots the pro- 
tection necessary to keep the plant from perishing during the summer 
droughts. 
FOREST CULTURE. 
Huropean countries felt the necessity of forest planting many years 
age, and England and Scotland can boast their thousands of acres of 
majestic pines, larches, and oaks at home, and their extensive groves of 
mahogany and other precious woods abroad. Germany has imported 
thousands of dollars’ worth of seeds of the valuable redwood (Sequoia 
sempervirens) from California, and the young forests growing from them 
are the pride of that nation. It has also established special departments 
for forest culture, with the schools necessary to educate the officers in 
their duties in cultivating and protecting trees. France, Austria, and 
Russia adopted at an early day the same system for promoting forest cul- 
