234 AGRICULTURAL REPORT. 
is found to be a very valuable article for this purpose. Colonel Rich- 
mond, of Sandusky, about eighteen years ago planted a piece of burnt 
Jand with these trees, after having cultivated it a few years with other 
crops, and now they are about forty feet high, and young trees are com- 
ing up from their seeds all through the forest. The borer has not 
troubled the trees much in this section of the country when they have 
been planted in large groves or masses. 5 A 
Mr. D. ©. Scofield, of Elgin, Dlinois, says that pine and larch, as demon- 
strated in his own grounds, attain the height of thirty to thirty-five 
feet, with a diameter of eight to twelve inches at the collar, in twelve 
years. He would plant three feet apart, every fourth tree each way a 
pine, the remainder larches, a proportion of one to sixteen, giving the 
pines twelve feet each way. One square yard to each would edmit of 
4,840 trees on one acre; but Mr. S. abates a few for possible losses, and 
supposes 4,800 trees, of which 300 are pines, and proposes to cut out 
2,400 larches at the end of seven years; 1,200 more at the end of fourteen 
years; 600 at the end of twenty-one years, and the remaining 300. 
larches at the end of thirty years, leaving three hundred pines twelve 
feet apart each way. He figures the yield as follows: 
ae) teed. aa erape stakes, 31.5 cents. .<....-s0-s..-es- nanan -- a. == Sane $120 
fan irees 38 tence posts, (4,000, at 25 cents).--..- -.-2-.....-.---- eon eee - 1,000 
SAIULGEBEN, MuttmOee fe os 2 = toca. 55 took det sie leh a eee ec Oe : 
MO MXDERy Giles SOO C02 Foe eee ee Ueno oe be wen ele 1545 6 
4,500 trees, aggregating in thirty years ........ Seats en enita 2205 qa ks teen 8, 9290 
He values the remaining pines at $6,000, to be worth $9,000 in ten 
years mure, and $15,000 in twenty years, making in all, at the end of 
fifty years, $23,920. This is of course hypothesis, and perhaps extrava- 
gance, which the reader may abate in accordance with his own judgment. 
While the public mind should be guarded against extravagant esti- 
mates, in which the proceeds of a large area are based upon the growth 
and yield of a few trees, it is proper to note the results of judgment in 
selecting, system and care in planting, skill in cutting and marketing, 
which in foreign countries have transmuted rose-colored theories into 
golden reality in actual practice. Making due and heavy allowance for 
the estimates of individuals presented in these pages, for drawbacks - 
‘which are sure to meet the tree-planter at every turn, there is still 
abundant margin for profit‘and inducement for effort, which should lead ~ 
to the extension of forest culture till the West shall have a larger area 
in timber than when the era of settlement commenced. 
LAWS FOR ENCOURAGING FOREST CULTURE. 
The legislature of ‘Missouri passed a law the present year for the en- 
couragement of forest culture, by which any person who will plant an 
acre or more of forest trees, or a row one-fourth of a mile long, with 
the trees a rod apart, on his own land, shall receive, after cultivating 
them three years, a bounty of $2 yearly for fifteen years, provided the 
trees in the mean time shall be kept alive and in a growing condition. 
The Massachusetts Society for Promoting Agriculture offered, in 1888, . 
a premium of $1,000 for the best plantation of forest trees growing in 
1870, and planted in 1860. That premium has been awarded to Major 
Ben. Perley Poore. The California State Board of Agriculture offered, 
last spring, $50 for the largest quantity of useful forest trees planted 
during the year. The Board of Directors of the State Agricultural So- 
