324 ; AGRICULTURAL REPORT. 
remedy this the Elk Mountain Factory proposes to procure a lot of 
Ch 
cows from the North. ; 
DAIRYING IN OHIO. 
At the Ohio agricultural convention in January, 1870, Mr. C. W. Horr, 
of Wellington, a cheese manufacturer, stated that, during the past four 
years, cows supplying milk to butter and cheese factories in that section 
had averaged to their owners an annual return of $50 per cow, the 
average of some of the best dairies being quite $60 per cow. Mr. W. W. 
Wells, of Huntington, who keeps thirty-three cows on a farm of 200 
acres, received in 1868, as the proceeds of his butter, after deducting 
charges for making and boxing, $2,100; and in 1869, a little over $2,300. 
He has expended $200 yearly for labor, and $109 in keeping his stock. 
This would make the average net proceeds of his herd $1,900 a year, or 
$57 58 for each cow. No allowance is made in this estimate for assist- 
ance in milking given by his wife and one boy. Mr. Horr stated that 
the assistant assessor cf his district had informed him that nine-tenths 
of the income tax coliected from farmers in the district were paid by 
dairymen, although they do not cccupy one-half of the land. 
DAIRYING IN THE NORTHWEST. 
The dairy business in the States of Mlinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, Iowa, 
and Minnesota is steadily increasing. No more favorable field is open 
to the enterprising dairyman. Partial statistics for these States for 
1869 and 1870 present the following favorable results: 
Illinois.—Elgin, in Kane County, is the center of one of the leading 
dairy districts of this State. It is estimated that there are 9,000 cows 
within a radius of ten miles from the city. During 1870 there were 
produced in this district and marketed, or made into butter and cheese, 
as far as returns have been received, a grand total of 3,462,715 gallons 
of milk. There were manufactured 1,697,705 pounds of factory cheese. 
At the Elgin condensing factory, 576,106 gallons of milk were condensed 
and shipped to New York. At the Elgin butter factory, 19,560 pounds 
of butter were manufactured, besides over 50,060 pounds of cream and 
skim cheese. Exclusive of the butter made at this factory, 330,000 
pounds of butter passed through the hands of Elgin merchants. The 
total increase in the milk, butter, and cheese production of the district 
over that of any former year was 25 per cent. Elgin shipped to Chi- 
cago 480,000 gallons of milk; Algonquin, 236,000 gallons; and Dundee, 
684,152 gallons. Dundee also shipped 42,980 pounds of cheese. Clin- 
tonville shipped 6,515 gallons of milk and 600,790 pounds of cheese. 
The Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railway carried to Chicago, 
during 1870, from ten stations, 683,680 gallons of milk. 
The manufacture of cheese by the factory system is a far more promi- 
nent branch of the dairy business of Illinois than the manufacture of 
butter or the saie cf milk. The following additional statistics of this 
branch, for 1569 and 1870, will make apparent the magnitude of this 
interest in a State that has until recently given but little attention to 
dairying: 
Kane County: the total quantity of cheese made in 1869 was 3,920,750 
pounds, which seid for $548,005; in 1870 there were a number of new 
factories started. McHenry County: the total quantity cf cheese made 
in 1869 was 3,475,000 pounds, which sold for $486,500; many new fac- 
tories were started in 1870, and the old factories increased the number 
of their cows. De Kalb County has increased the number of cows and 
cheese factcries during 1870; in 1869, 2,113,800 pounds of cheese were 
