394 AGRICULTURAL REPORT. 
Egg boxes, carriers, &c-.-...--.-.- 10 | Markers; (land).....-.---15.. Sdee 4 
Forks, spades, hoes, &c...-:.-.---- Ot AA PlOWS )aepcts ae <>: L5t oc eee 182 
meed-CuLrtelse-2 25 24eF pepe ees pias 6 | Plows, (steam)..---.----2» p-2mee ~~ 4 
PIU Ib-PAbHerers 22. encase oe Soe : 13 | Planters, corn, cotton, potatoes,&e. 144 
Wertilizersis 2: sews evince ashe eee 10'|' Plant-protectors .-....-5-2.5 2 eee 22 
Grain-bindera.- -A\---veoab lee. =5-< 47' |) Proninp-toolge: :... 2 <2t:/so2eeee 22 
Grubbing-implements ....-.-.----,- 2.| Pokes, (cattle): 2....-.-s3s..00reee 5 
SI Ones Sipe eo ele Sheba ia ep 150, | Reapers 22- cee .cee-> -2ea-s 11 
PINION Wee eae ene eee se eter c Al'| Rollers, (land). >=. -..-2 22. eee 8 
Bay -sarengers oo, oo Stace sense ve 11 | Shears for clipping animals........ 10 
Hamerakes, (hand)! 20) jehciscs « b.05 6 ||, Seed-sowers:: on. - 22-222 ooe eee 41 
Hay-rakes, (horse) .....-.:..<-..-- 74 | Stalk-cutters ............ er 6 
pas (aprse) tis cack dduke sins 2 6 |. Straw-cutters...-.2.s26 sfepee eae 19 
DISRLOMO OTE oo pclea te iltipaea- op exne 15 | Thrashing-machines ......--..---- 31 
Hulling-machines ....,...-...---.-- 11 | Miseellaneous.... .........-4leeaeee 
BY NOR Pe se eecr ob oceas esse 6 ——= 
Milking devices, stools, pails, &c- -. 40 Dotal .-/005 4 22ts coco ites eee 1,385 
Mowers, (lawn).-.--..----.------- il == 
The improvements in these various implements and inventions relate 
chiefly to minor points, aiming at greater simplicity, durability, and 
efficiency, and thus obviating defects in the earlier constructions. A 
minute description of each individual subject cannot be expected in 
this connection. There is undoubtedly an increasing interest in bee eul- 
ture, but no radical improvement has been observed in the construetion 
of the hive. A device for emptying the comb by a centrifugal motion 
has contributed to a greater accumulation of honey, by the restoration 
of the uninjured honey-comb to the hive, to be again fiJled by the bees. 
Several attempts have been made to form an artificial comb acceptable 
to the bees, but hitherto without marked success. During the year con- 
siderable attention has been paid to modifications of corn (maize) 
planters and cultivators, to adapt them to the planting and cultivation 
of the cotton crop, and with prospects of ultimate'success. A number 
of ingenious devices have been presented for the protection of choice 
and tender garden plants from the depredations of worms and insects in’ 
their earlier periods of growth, which will commend themselves to publie 
use. Much attention has been paid to the dairy business, by which the 
cheese product has been largely increased ; but this increase is due, per- 
haps, more to the union of small dairies, thus forming what are known 
as cheese factories, where the work can be more economically performed, 
and by experienced workmen. We need have no alarm about becoming 
overstocked with inventions, as every improvement introduced tends to 
enlarge the field for still further investigations; and the only limit to the 
exercise of human ingenuity and skill will be found in the most perfect 
adaptation of machines and implements to the performance of the labor 
of the world. 
THE PLOW. 
‘The plow is the most important implemeut in agricultural operations, 
and is common to allages and countriesas far as history extends. The 
Book of Job, one of the oldest, if not the oldest, books of the Old, Testa- 
ment, speaks of “The oxen ploughing and the asses feeding beside 
them ;” and we find by First Samuel, xiii, 20, that the plow had a share 
and colter. Mr. Adam Dickson, in his works on the Husbandry of the 
Ancients, says: 
It is probable that I shall be considered as very partial to the ancients, if I do not 
allow the moderns to excel them in the construction of their plows. We are not 
indeed so well acquainted with the ancient plows as to make a just comparison. I 
shall only observe, that from the few passages in the rustic authors concerning them, 
it appears that the ancients had all the different kinds of plows that we have now in 
Europe, though not perhaps so exactly constructed. They had plows without mold- 
boards and plows with mold-boards; they had plows with colters and plows without 
