496 AGRICULTURAL REPORT. 
wheat, of all things grown for human food, is the most important. 
Properly cultivated fields never become exhausted, if all that is taken 
from them in grain, grass, or roots, be restored to them in excrementi- 
tious manures. The tobacco and cotton fields of the South are not the 
only portions of the land that have been abused by wasteful culture. 
I‘armers are urged to plant forest trees for timber and shelter, as well 
as Shade trees by the roadside. Every tree set out to ornament a home- 
stead is a profitable investment, increasing the salable value of a farm. 
The receipts of the State Agricultural Society were $47,341 35; ex- 
penses, $29,663 39; entries, 2,662. Receipts of the American Institute, 
$24,811 98; expenses, $14,734 89; balance m both cases invested in 
United States bonds. 
OHIO. 
The twenty-fourth annual report of the Ohio State Board of Agricul- 
ture, with its usual statistical matter, comprises also the proceedings of 
the Ohio Horticultural Society, and essays on cheese factories, flax 
husbandry, the Colorado potato bug, hog feeding and pork packing, 
road making, ergot as affecting the dairy interest, parturient fever in 
cows, several agricultural experiments, (the latter abridged from the 
Journal of the Royal Agricultural Society,) and a lecture delivered be- 
fore a farmers’ club in England on the supposed detericration of the soil 
of Great Britain. These articles give a permanent value to the volume. 
The balance and receipts of the board for the last year were $48,448 19; 
expenditures, $24,502 18; leaving $23,946 01, invested chiefly in United 
States bonds. About 80,000 admission tickets were sold at the last 
State fair. The number of entries was 4,100, an increase of 581 over 
that of the previous year. 
The production of cheese in Ohio the past year was. 22,266,927 
pounds, of which nearly 3,060,000 pounds were from Ashtabula County 
This and the other Counties on the Reserve have hitherto enjoyed a 
monopoly of the dairy business of the State, but it is rapidly spread- 
ing. In Geauga County, also on the Reserve, there are twenty-five 
cheese factories, which use the milk of nearly 15,000 cows. The aver- 
age yearly receipts of the best dairies during the last four years have 
been fully $60 per cow, and of dairies generally rather more than $50. 
A farm of one hundred acres, allowing twenty-five acres for woods, 
orchard, garden, buildings, and yard, will keep handsomely eighteen 
cows, and the receipts would thus amount to $900. Besides, from the 
farm would be obtained garden vegetables, fruit, milk, butter, meat, 
and wood sufficient for family consumption. One man could do all the 
needed work on the one hundred acres, with the exception of milking, 
and in this the assistance of only one person would be needed, usually 
one of his own children, or his wife. In five townships on the Reserve 
there are 8,600 cows, which give the following result : 
8,600 cows, 350 pounds of cheese per cow .----- sakes ow, she SEE 3, 010, 000 pounds. 
od pounds of bubter per GOW os ns. osetia =a 258, 000 pounds. 
These amounts of butter and cheese are equal to 35,346,000 pounds of milk. 
3,010,000 pounds of cheese, at 15 cents per pound ...--. ..--.52---------eec6 $451, 500 
258,000 pounds of butter, at 30 cents per pound ........-.-...------------ 77, 400 
Skinstandryy hey, G2 per liead!.2. 23:2 ket he etl 4) ee 17, 200 
546, 100 
There were manufactured, bought, and shipped from Solon, Ohio, last 
year, 2,821,263 pounds of cheese, all handled by three firms. in that 
township. 
