564 AGRICULTURAL REPORT. 
beginning at the north end of the lake: Dry Creek, American Fork, 
Battle Creek, Provo River, Spring Creek, Hobble Creek, Spanish Fork, 
and Petenéte Creek. These streams are ‘bor dered by no valleys or bot. 
toms within the mountains; for, with the exception of Provo River, they 
do not reach beyond the first range, but, rushing down its slope, enter 
suddenly upon the plain and sweep across it to the lake. 
The soil is generally very fertile, that along the margin of the lake 
containing a large proportion of vegetable mold; that near the meun- 
tain and on the plateau i is inter mingled with small boulder s, but not to 
such a degree as to injure it. From | Battle Creek north, and from Provo 
River south, it is pretty well settled, and most of the choice bottom lands 
are occupied ; but there is a broad strip along the lake margin not culti- 
vated, but used as grazing ground for the cattle of the citizens of the 
villages located on the creeks. Including Tintic and Cedar Valleys, 
there are at least twenty thousand acres of irrigated land in Utah 
County; and, if the canal cut from the Provo is of sufficient capacity 
to water the whole surface of the plateau, twenty thousand acres more 
may be added. Tintic Valley, which lies southwest of Utah Lake, is a 
a narrow, bay-like indentation in the range of hills or low mountains 
that sweep around the west side of the basin. It is about twenty-five 
miles long, north and south, and four or five miles wide, and is watered 
principally by springs. As there are very few streams from which water 
can be drawn to irrigate the soil, a small portion only of the land can 
be brought under culture; but as a grazing section it probably stands 
next to the Cache Valley. The grass grows luxuriantly, and is kept 
fresh and nutritious by the water from the numerous springs; and the 
comparatively mild climate precludes the necessity of winter feeding or 
shelter, as 1s sometimes required in the northern part of the Territory. 
Cedar Valley lies west of the lake, behind the range of hills that here 
rises up near the shore, and is about thirty miles jong from north to 
south, and averages ten miles in width, and contains, perhaps, one 
hundred and fifty square miles of cultivableland. It is watered by two 
small streams that run in from the west and northwest, which are suffi- 
cient to irrigate the northern and western portions, especially around 
Crittenden and Cedar City. The soil is good and productive. The val- 
ley is partially settled, and there are already two saw-mills and one 
flouring-mill in operation. 
Moving southward from Santaguin, we enter the Juab Valley, which 
extends from this point to the divide between Utah and Sevier Basins, 
a Short distance below Nephi. It is about fifty miles long and six miles 
wide, and contains one hundred square miles of irrigable land, princi- 
pally along Salt and Clover Creeks. The most of the remainder is well 
grassed over and affords good pasture land for sheep and cattle. 
Everything that can be raised in the Middle States can be raised in 
Salt Lake, Jordan, and Utah Valleys, and these sections bear about the 
same relations to the colder elevated mountain districts and southern 
borders of the Territory that the Middle States do to New England and 
Georgia. 
This basin, with all its drawbacks, may be truly called an oasis on the 
great continental highway of trade and travel. Possessing the advan- 
tage of situation, surrounded by mountains rich in the precious metals, 
and having a healthy climate, it must, in the course of a few years, 
become densely populated. 
The general level of the Salt Lake Valley is about 4,300 feet above 
ie sea level, and that of Utah Lake Valley between 4, 550 and 4,600 
eet. 
