3li TRANSACTIONS OF ROYAL SCOTTISH ARBOKICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



were replanted in 1884, and 422 acres were regenerated naturally 

 by successive fellings. The annual yield is somewhat over 16| 

 million cubic feet of timber, nearly 14] million cubic feet of fire- 

 wood and charcoal, and 3100 tons of tarniing bark. 



With a view to avoid the flooding of the local markets by the 

 sale of excessive quantities of State timber, and thus lowering 

 prices to the injury of private interests, it has been arranged to 

 export at least one-half of the timber from the Marmaros-Sziget Con- 

 servatorship to beyond the Hungarian frontier. Most of the wood 

 coming from it, and from Bustyahdza, down the Tisza and Taracz 

 rivers, is floated by way of Szolnok and Szeged, where a good deal 

 of it is sold, to the Danube at Belgrade, and thence to Orsova, for 

 sale to merchants from the Balkan provinces. But a part of it goes 

 by rail to Austria and Germany, and a part to France and Italy, 

 by way of Fiume. From Sipto-Ujvar, the main line of export is by 

 raft down the Vag to the Danube, and thence to Buda-Pesth and 

 Orsova. From Beszterczebanya it is down the Garam to the same 

 destination. 



At Sipto-Ujvar there is a large tanning factory, which takes 

 annually nearly 25,000 tons of bark, principally of spruce. About 

 one-half of this quantity is resold raw, while the other half is 

 boiled down, and yields 3000 tons of extract, which is exported to 

 other European countries, and also to America and Australia. 



The prices realised in 1884 per cubic foot of wood standing in 

 the forests were as follows, viz. : — oak, l|d. to 5|d. ; beech. Id. ; 

 other broad-leaved species, l|d. to 3-|d.; spruce and silver fir, Id. to 

 2^d. ; larch and Scots pine, 2d. to 3d. ; firewood from a nominal price 

 to ^ of a penny. 2140 permanent, and 6300 temporary, workmen 

 are employed in the forests. For the accommodation of the 

 officers, and guards, and for offices, the following buildings have 

 been erected : 



For officers only, first class houses of more than three rooms, 83 



,, second class houses, . . .12 



For officers and guards, ..... 359 



For guards only, ...... 250 



Offices, ....... 9 



There are 149 communes having rights in the forests; in 81 of 

 thera the rights have been commuted or regulated, and the 

 question is in process of settlement in the G8 others. The number 

 of forest offences committed in 1884 was 52G7, and the fines 

 inflicted amounted to £1713. 



