58 TRANSACTIONS OF ROYAL SCOTTISH ARBORICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



ou the mountain crests and slopes to tlie east and south, while 

 the other is situated in the plains and hills around Bogsdn. 



On the plains and low hills oak predominates, the species being 

 Quercus cerris, Q. conferta, Q. pedwiculata, and Q. robur ; but it 

 is mixed with a varying proportion of wild cherry, wild plum, 

 maple, and hornbeam (Carpinus orientalis ?) and other kinds. 

 The oak grows higher up the southern and western slopes than it 

 does on those having a northerly aspect, where it is replaced by 

 beech, which is the principal tree of the Bdnat mountains. At 

 intermediate levels, this ti'ee is found mixed with hornbeam, ash, 

 elm, lime, and other bx'oad-leaved species ; but at higher eleva- 

 tions, it is associated with conifers, the most important among 

 them being the silver fir, which occupies considerable areas, in 

 localities where the greatest cold is experienced, notably about 

 Franzdorf. Here also well-grown spruce is found, and larch 

 has recently been introduced. On the southern slopes of the 

 mountain, where the soil is dry, Scots and Austrian pines have 

 been planted. There are 176 species of ligneous plants in the 

 BAndt. 



The forests have all been surveyed, and maps have been 

 prepared and reproduced by photo-zincography in the Company's 

 oflfices ; each forest officer and subordinate being in possession of 

 a good map of the portion of forest under his charge. A valuation 

 survey has also been effected, and the estimate of age-classes gives 

 the following result, viz. ; 



Total, 



Working plans have been made for the forests of each of the 

 six districts, into which the whole forest area has been divided. 

 Near Oravicza where the soil is good, the revolution for silver 

 fir is 100 years, for beech 80 years, for the forests of the plains it 

 is 60 years. But, speaking generally, for the great beech forests 

 between Resicza and Maldova, where the growth is slow, the 

 revolution for high forest is from 80 to 100 years. In the forests 

 around Bogsiin, where the soil is rich in vegetable mould, but dry 



