220 TRANSACTIONS OF KOYAL SCOTTISH ARBORICQLTURAL SOCIETY, 



36 lbs. G oz. per cubic foot. The wood makes a first-class charcoal ; 

 the sap furnishes the Venice turpentine of commerce ; the bi-anches 

 exude the manna of Briancon ; and the bark supplies excellent 

 tannin. The tree being thus useful in all its parts, we may well 

 ask — Where is its equal or substitute to be found ] 



Loudon mentions the following ten varieties of the common 

 larch, and describes them as being distinct, namely — L. e. compacta, 

 L. e. Dahurica, L. e. flore albo, L. e. flore ruhro, L. e. Fraseri, 

 L. e. intermedia, L. e. laxa, L. e. pendula, L. e. repens, and L. e. 

 sibirica ; but none of them are equal to the normal form. 



L. Kcumpferi (the Golden Larch). — Introduced in 1846. 

 Habitat, China, Height at high elevations, 50 feet, and in more 

 congenial positions, 120. Not only a highly ornamental and very 

 effective tree, but as timber its value is indisputable. It is quite 

 hardy, but too slow growing for a timber tree in our climate, and 

 unless it succeeds better in the milder climate of Devon or Corn- 

 wall, it is not of much use in Britain. 



L, microcarpa (the Tamarac, or Hackmatac). — Introduced in 

 1739. Habitat, Canada and the United States east of the 

 Mississippi. The American larch is a most distinct, hardy, useful, 

 and ornamental species, and now cultivated with profit. The 

 weeping variety of the American larch, L. m. pendula, is of a 

 robust character in its youth, but more graceful when aged. 



The Incense Cedar, 



Lihocedi'us chilensis (the Chilian Arbor- Vitse). — Introduced in 

 1847. Habitat, the Andes, Chili. Height, 60 to 80 feet. Its 

 wood is very useful and valuable, and emits a strong odour whilst 

 burning. It is moderately hardy, distinct, and ornamental, and 

 succeeds best in sheltered valleys, 



L. decurrens (the Californian White Cedar). — Introduced in 

 1853. Habitat, California and Oregon. Height, 120 to 140 feet, 

 and a girth of about 20 feet in its native country. It is possibly 

 the best known and ornamental of Jeff"rey's introductions through 

 the Oregon Association, and it is tolerably hardy in Britain. 



The Chinese Arbor- Vit^. 



Biota orientalis (the Chinese Arbor- Vitse). — Introduced in 1752. 



Habitat, China and Japan. This genus, once associated with, is 



now separated from, the Thuias. The largest is the typical 



variety, attaining to a height of 30 feet ; but there are numerous 



