OLD AND REMAKKABLE TREES ON HOLWOOD ESTATE. 311 



The stem of this tree has but little taper, the girth at 12 feet being 

 scarcely less than at 5 feet, while the ponderous limbs into which 

 it divides at 30 feet wp would of themselves form good-sized trees. 

 The soil is loamy clay, resting at no great depth on gravel. On 

 the chalk formation the elm does remarkably well, growing to a 

 great size, and producing a large quantity of clean and valuable 

 timber. At Holwood Farm are numerous stately elms, some 

 of which grow where only a few inches of soil overlies the chalk. 



No. 8. Thorn. — By the side of the drive from Holwood House 

 past the Roman Camp are numerous large and healthy specimens 

 of the Thorn, which, judging from their present dimensions, must 

 be of considerable antiquity. One of these is 6 feet 5 inches 

 in girth of stem at a yard from the ground, and has a spread of 

 branches 39 feet in diameter. Others ranging from 5 feet to 6 

 feet in girth of stem at a yard from the ground, are not uncommon. 

 Another perhaps unique specimen is growing in the park, and 

 within a few yards of the public path where it joins the road at 

 Holwood Farm. At 3 feet from the ground the stem girths 14 

 feet 6 inches, after which it divides into six limbs, the girth of 

 each, at a yard from the fork, being as follows : — No. 1 — 4 feet 

 2 inches. 2 — 4 feet. 3 — 5 feet 8 inches. 4 — 2 feet 8 inches. 

 5 — 4 feet 4 inches. 6 — 3 feet 5 inches. The height is 42 feet, 

 with a spread of branches 63 feet in diameter. This gigantic 

 specimen of the thorn is in perfect health, branched to the ground 

 in most parts, and grows in strong clayey loam. At twenty-five 

 yards distant is another thorn worthy of note. At a yard from 

 the ground the stem is 8 feet 11 inches in circumference, while 

 the branches have a spread of 33 feet. 



No. 9. Spanish Chestnut. — The largest tree of this kind is grow- 

 ing in the grounds at Keston Lodge, and close to the green walk 

 running alongside the pond. At 3 feet and 5 feet from the ground 

 the stem girths 14 feet 3 inches and 13 feet 1 inch, the branches 

 having a diameter of 78 feet. At 7 feet up the stem divides into 

 two large limbs, which rise perfectly straight and parallel with 

 each other for almost their entire length. This tree is 78 feet in 

 height, and is in perfect health and forming wood rapidly. Not far 

 from this tree, but in Holwood bounds, and growing close to Lake 

 No. 2, is another noteworthy Spanish chestnut, the stem of which, 

 at 3 feet and 5 feet from the ground, measures 11 feet 2 inches 

 and 10 feet 3 inches. So little taper has the stem, that at 8 feet 

 up the girth is 10 feet. Sixteen feet in length of the butt contains 



