FORESTRY EDUCATION. * 97 
the three kingdoms—(1) Waste land not used, about 13} million 
acres; (2) mountains and heath lands used for rough grazing, 
124 million acres, making a total of 26 million acres. Of this 
area about one-half is situated in Scotland. No doubt a fair 
proportion of the waste lands could be used for afforestation, but 
it must not be overlooked that the greater part of it is unfit for 
the purpose. Taking both kinds of land together, I do not 
hesitate in saying that much more than five million acres are 
fit for afforestation. At the same time, we must remember that, 
apart from rough grazing, by far the greater portion of the area 
is used for shooting, at any rate all that part which is fit for 
planting, and that shooting rents are high. I am told that 
they run from 6d. to 2s. 6d. and 3s. an acre. Hence these 
lands cannot be dealt with wholesale up here in the north. The 
income derived from shooting, including deer forests, is so con- 
siderable, that the proprietors are very touchy and suspicious 
in respect of anything that might affect this important source 
of income. Still, I am satisfied that, under proper arrangements, 
‘a considerable portion of the lands in question could be planted 
without interfering to an appreciable degree with shooting rents. 
In the case of deer forests especially, I believe that afforestation 
of the lower portions of the area would be likely to increase their 
value in this respect, while gradually an increasing revenue from 
the planted areas would be secured. 
But I go a step further, by saying that in all cases where a 
proprietor is the owner of both land under wood and of waste 
land fit for planting, he can put a certain portion of the latter 
under forest without sacrificing a single shilling of his present 
income, while building up a higher rental in the future. I think 
it is worth my while explaining this by an example :— 
Supposing a proprietor has 100 acres of woods, with a regular 
distribution of age gradations from 1 year up to 100 years old. 
In the ordinary way he would cut every year | acre of 100 years 
old wood, which would give him, say, £75 income. Supposing 
he has now another 100 acres of waste land, which brings him 3s. 
an acre a year from grazing or shooting, or £15 a year, and he 
proposed to put it under wood in the course of 25 years; he 
would have to spend £3 an acre for planting, or £12 a year. Let 
us also assume he had to sacrifice his grazing and shooting income 
at once over the whole area, so that he would have to find £27 
every year. This he would find by cutting every year about 
VOL. XV. PART II, M 
