114 TRANSACTIONS OF ROYAL SCOTTISH ARBORICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
producing forests, however useful many of them were to the 
ornamental planter and the landscape gardener. 
Towards the end of the century, travellers and collectors of 
plants began to push their way into most of the accessible parts 
of the world, and to freely ransack them of their treasures in the 
way of trees and shrubs that promised to thrive in the British 
climate. Among those fearless and enterprising travellers, Scots- 
men hold a prominent place, as the introducers to the British Isles 
of many of the finest of hardy exotic trees and shrubs. Without 
going farther back than the period we are now dealing with, a 
few of those intrepid countrymen of ours may be mentioned. 
Archibald Menzies, a native of Perthshire, was born in 1754, at 
Weem, in Strathtay, and accompanied, as naturalist, the famous 
Captain Vancouver on his voyage round the world in the years 
1790-96, bringing home with him, in the latter year, Araucaria 
imbricata from Chili, and Thuja plicata from British Columbia. 
John Fraser, a native of Inverness, who travelled widely over the 
Eastern United States and the West Indies in search of new and 
useful plants, and, between 1784 and 1811, introduced many trees 
and shrubs from those regions to this country, including Abies 
Frasert in 1811, which was named after him. John Lyon, a 
native of Forfarshire, also travelled much in the Eastern States 
of America between 1802 and 1812, and collected many new and 
rare species of trees and shrubs, which he introduced to Britain 
chiefly through Loddiges & Sons, then eminent nurserymen at 
Hackney, London. And last of the noted band, but most inde- 
fatigable of all the pre-Victorian travellers and plant-collectors, 
David Douglas, who was born at Scone, near Perth, in 1799, and 
travelled in various parts of America for the Royal Horticultural 
Society of London from 1823 to 1833. He sent home to Britain 
within that period more hardy trees, suitable for forest culture 
for commercial purposes, than all the plant-collectors who had 
gone before him, or any one that has come after him. Beside the 
now popular Douglas Fir, Abies Douglasii, which was one of his 
first introductions from the north-west coast of America, and most 
worthily commemorates his name, he introduced upwards of fifty 
hardy trees and shrubs, many of which have proved to be of 
special value in forestry, and all are exceedingly useful in gardens 
and pleasure-grounds. Amongst Douglas’s introductions were 
such fine stately trees as Abies amabilis, A. Douglasii, A. grandis, 
A, Menziesti, and A. nobilis; Pinus insignis, P. Lambertiana, 
