198 TRANSACTIONS OF ROYAL SCOTTISH ARBORICULTURAL SOCIETY, 
it last year, and again, in considerable numbers, this year. Two 
small Austrian pines, about 10 feet high, which were blown 
over in spring and left as decoys for Pissodes notatus, fulfilled 
that office for Bostrichus bidens instead, the stems and branches 
becoming thickly infested with them. It has also appeared on 
Pinus Laricio and P, strobus in various portions of newly planted 
woods ; and on a neighbouring estate—Coed-y-Mwstyr—I found 
some Austrians which had been transplanted last season owed 
their sickliness and death to its depredations, along with others. 
These latter were growing about eight miles inland, and in the 
direction of the prevailing wind, so may have had their first 
swarms from the sea, or possibly from the pitwood carried past on 
the railway, which is but a short distance away. The double 
generation of Bostrichus bidens makes it very troublesome, and 
its habit of burrowing in the sap-wood for pupation renders the 
ordinary barking of the tree of little avail. The only way to get 
rid of it is to burn the tree, stem, bark, and branches, and the 
veriest twig. 
On the logs bearing the B, bidens there were also several work- 
ings and specimens of Bostrichus stenographus, of which several 
were alive, and had just reached the adult stage. 
About the same time, several specimens of Lamia aedilis, the 
Timberman Beetle, came ashore. This, though, according to Mr 
MacDougall, not of first importance as an injurious insect, since 
it lays its eggs only on dead wood, is very interesting, from the 
fact of its antenne being three to five times as long as its body, 
and from its making a squeaking noise when disturbed. ‘The 
noise is something like that made in cutting a piece of cork, 
only much more faint, and appears to be caused by the creature’s 
rubbing the front part of the middle segment of the thorax against 
the hind part of the first thoracic segment. 
Pissodes notatus is our worst enemy here, and the more so as 
the supply is undoubtedly kept up from the driftwood. I have 
seen no live full-grown beetles washed ashore this year, but have 
found exit holes, and dead imagos, and live larve and pupe 
several times. On one log there were no fewer than 104 pupal 
chambers hollowed out, but fortunately the bark had been removed 
by the action of the water, and all the inhabitants were missing. 
I found this insect also on the estate above mentioned, and in 
Roath Park at Cardiff, where it had done considerable damage to 
recently planted Austrian pines. 
