Report oF THE Boranist. 59 
Rapvta PAuLuens, Vees. 
Shaded rocks. Catskill Mountains. Sterile. Not common. 
LICHENS. 
UsNEA BARBATA var. FLorIpDA, /7. 
Trees, especially in mountain woods. Common and fertile. 
UsNEA BARBATA Var. HIRTA, /7, 
Old rail and board fences. Common, but sterile. 
UsNEA BARBATA var. DAsypocA, #7, Trees on mountains. 
Usnea Loneissm™a, Ach. 
Trees. Adirondack Mountains. 
This and the preceding species are plentiful in low woods in 
North Elba, frequently giving a peculiar gray hue to whole tracts 
of balsam firs, which trees are especially ‘subject to the attacks of 
these parasites. The opinion is prevalent among the inhabitants 
that the “gray moss” causes the death of the tree on which it 
grows. Certainly no thrifty tree can be found with an abundance 
of these lichens upon it. All thus infested are either dead or 
apparently dying, the leaves being limited to the mere extremities 
of the branches. The inference is that the lichens have induced 
the death or the diseased condition of the tree. It is probable that 
this is to some extent true, and yet, on the other hand, the death of 
the tree from other causes affords conditions favorable to the growth 
of the lichen. The shore of Lake Placid is in some places bor- 
dered by dead trees loaded with these same species of Usnea. 
These trees were killed by the inundation of their roots, the water 
of the lake having been raised by a dam at its outlet, and, so far as 
can be ascertained, they were destitute of these lichens while 
living. 
ALECTORIA JUBATA Var. CHALYBEIFORMIS, Ach. 
Trees, old fences, and sometimes on rocks. Common, but sterile. 
ALECTORIA JUBATA var. IMPLEXA, /7. 
Trees in mountain woods. Adirondack Mountains. Sterile. 
EveErnNIA PRUNASTRI, Ach. 
Trees and old fences. Fertile specimens were found on trees and 
on shrubs in a swamp, Catskill Mountains. 
Evernia FurFURACEA, Jann. 
Trees in wodds. Common. 
