or 
(_ xvi )) 
These species could only be distinguished at sight by a 
difference in the position of one of the hind-wing spots, but 
the male armature showed differences of structure which were 
as great as those distinguishing any other species of African 
Acraea. 
Several new species and forms were also shown, including 
A. lofua, Eltr., ¢ and 9, A. grosvenori, Eltr., ¢, A. aureola, 
Eltr., ¢, A. ella, Hltr., ¢, A. cinerea subsp., alberta, Eltr., 
d, A. periphanes f. acritoides, Eltr., ¢, and A. astrigera 
f. brunnea, Eltr., g and ¢. 
Dr. JorpaN remarked on the extreme variability of the 
genus and its allies, geographically, individually, and even in 
the characters of the genitalia. 
Mr. Breruune-Baker remarked on the unreliability of the 
genitalia in certain Licaenidae. 
The PresipENt stated that the ¢ genitalia were, as a rule, 
reliable in the Aculeata, but in the Venthredinidae the ¢ 
genitalia were quite useless for specific determination, though 
the ? 2 afford excellent characters. 
The Hon. Wattrer Rotuscuitp remarked on the identity 
of the ¢ genitalia in certain distinct species of J/acroglossinae. 
Papers. 
Com. WALKER read the following paper on “The Effect of 
‘Temperature on Animal (especially Insect) Life,” by A. G. 
Butuer, Ph.D., F.L.S. :— 
‘* Lieut.-Colonel N. Manders’ paper on ‘ A Factor in the Pro- 
duction of Mutual Resemblance in Allied Species of Butterflies’ 
(Trans. Ent. Soc. 1911, part ii, pp. 417-425) is of especial 
interest to me, inasmuch as it supports the facts already 
proved with regard to the effect of a superhumid warm tem- 
perature in intensifying and deepening the colouring in both 
insects and birds. 
“Tt is now well known that the wet-season forms of butter- 
flies inhabiting tropical climates are as a rule more boldly 
marked, with more vivid and deeper colouring, than those 
which emerge in the dry season. It is also a fact that when 
a brown ground-colour deepens until it approaches black it is 
liable to be glossed with purple or blue: we see this not only 
