—_ 
( xe) 
collected by Mr. C, A. Wiggins, at about 4000 ft., in the 
neighbourhood of Entebbe. The average rainfall at Epe, near 
Mr. Lamborn’s locality, Oni, 70 miles east of Lagos, is about 
equal to that of Entebbe, being 60°5 inches to 59:1. The first 
example was Planema epuea, Cram., and its Uganda sub-species 
epaea paragea, Grose-Smith. In the latter the fuscous ground- 
colour had been greatly increased, while correspondingly 
reduced pale-yellowish markings represented the conspicuous 
fulvous of the western male and white of the western female. 
Thus the sexual dimorphism of pattern, marked in the west, 
is lost in the far duller Uganda race. Together with these 
were exhibited the males and females, of Papilio cynorta, F., 
from the same localities. While the males showed no appre- 
ciable change, the western female was a beautiful mimic of 
the female epaea and the more eastern female (peculiaris, 
Neave), an equally beautiful mimic of the dingy-looking 
paragea. In this latter case a climatic cause could hardly be 
invoked, for it is unreasonable to suppose that the male and 
female larvae and pupae are exposed to different conditions 
or that they differ in their sensitiveness to climatic influ- 
ence. It may well be argued, however, that we should not 
expect a Papilionine and an <Acraeine to exhibit the same 
kind of susceptibility. But even the investigation of other 
Planemas (Acraeinae) at Entebbe does not support the con- 
clusion that the pattern of paragea is a climatic effect. ‘Thus 
it is seen in the exhibited specimens that the rich fulvous 
and black P. consanguinea, Auriv., from the Lagos district 
becomes the pale yellowish and black sub-species arenaria, 
K. M. Sharpe, at Entebbe. 
When we pass from the western to the eastern side of the 
geographical range, Plamena epaea becomes a duller, darker- 
looking butterfly ; Planema consanguinea, on the contrary, a 
far lighter and paler butterfly. If, neglecting the immense 
difference in general appearance, attention be fixed on the 
fact that the fulvous pigment of the male epaea and both sexes 
of consanguinea becomes pale yellow in the east, we are met 
by the fact that the male Planema alcinoe, Feld., from Lagos, 
preserves the very same fulvous tint unchanged at Entebbe, as 
do the male montana, Butl., form of P. aganice, Hew., the male 
P. macarista, E. M. Sharpe, and both sexes of P. pogget 
