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IV. Descriptions of some hitherto unknown, or little known, 
Larvae and Pupae of South African Rhopalocera, 
with notes on their Life-histories. By MARGARET 
E. Fountatne, F.ES. 
[Read October 5th, 1910.] 
Prares TX; Xx. 
BEFORE commencing these notes, I should like to mention 
that I am largely indebted to the kindness of local 
entomologists and others for the information obtained, 
and I would specially like to express my thanks to Mr. 
A. D. Millar and Mr. G. F. Leigh, F.E.S., both of Durban, 
Natal, whose kind help throughout my stay in South 
Africa so greatly added to the success of my two years’ 
stay in that most delightful country. I should also wish 
to mention Mr. J. Medley-Wood and Miss Franks of the 
Botanic Gardens, Durban, to whose kindness I am chiefly 
indebted for the identification of the various food-plants, 
and for supplying me with their scientific names; all 
except those from Portuguese East Africa, which I 
obtained through the kind help of the Board of Agriculture 
at Pretoria. These notes on the larvae and pupae do 
not include any of the commoner species which are already 
well known. 
1. Papilio ophidicephalus, Oberth. 
(Plate IX, figs. la, 1b, 1c.) 
The ova of this (the largest butterfly in South Africa) 
are to be found, with careful searching, laid singly, usually 
on the upperside of the leaves of young saplings of 
Clausena inaequalis; they are very large. The young 
larva is black, with white at the posterior extremity, and 
after the first moult shows signs of a white central band, 
which increases in size and importance with each change 
of skin, while the black becomes duller and browner. 
The forepart of this caterpillar is exceedingly broad in 
proportion to the rest. There are two round projections 
or “knobs” on the centre of its back, situated on the 
TRANS. ENT, SOC, LOND. 1911.—PART I, (MAY) 
