Temporary Social Parasitism and Slavery in Ants. 181 
stock of the wnbratus nest in which the/uliginosus queen 
had founded her colony. Itis probable that the wmbratus 
2 is killed, either by the fuliginosus 2, or by her ownd 3G, 
and thus a pure /uliginosus nest will be the final result. 
I am able to add two facts to the above observations. In 
June 1897 I found a large nest of Lasius fuliginosus in a 
hollow tree at Lymington Salterns, which contained a 
number of ZL. umbratus 99, both species coming in 
and going out together. I unfortunately recorded the 
umbratus as flavus at the time. On September 20th, 1900, 
Mr. Tuck sent me a specimen of LZ. wmbratus (9) to name, 
which he had taken in a nest of fuliginosus in an old 
horse-chestnut stump at Bury St. Edmunds. He natur- 
ally suggested at the time that the ant had no business to 
be there. 
My friend Mr. Crawley and I intend to carry out 
experiments with /wliginosus 2? 9 and observation nest of 
umbratus next year. 
For the benefit of those who wish to study the history 
and the gradual development of all the facts contained in 
this paper, I append a list of all such papers and writings 
as I have been able to read myself on the subject :— 
ADLERZ, Gotr. “Myrmekologiska studier,” 11. Stockholm, 1886, 
pp. 210-248. 
“ Myrmekologiska studier,” III (Tomognathus). Stockholm 
1896. 
** Myrmekologiska notizer.” Ent. Tidschr. X VII, 1896, 2 Heft. 
(L. flavus in nest of L. niger.) 
ALLEN, J. A. “Notice of a foray of a colony of Formica sanguinea, 
Ltr., upon a colony of a black species of Formica, for the 
purpose of making slaves of the latter.” Proc. Essex. Inst. 
V, No. 1, 1866, pp. 14-16. 
Avesury, THE Ricut Hon. Lorp. “ Ants, Bees, and Wasps,” 1882, 
pp. 79-91, etc. 
Barnes, W. “Onanest of Formica sanguinea, and other Hymeno- 
ptera near Wellington College.” Ent. Mo, Mag. 1902, 
. 265. 
Cetin C. ‘Alien Queen Ant.” Science Gossip, VI, No. 72, 1900, 
p. 369. 
“Queens of Lasius wmbratus, Nyl., accepted by colonies of 
Lasius niger, L.” E. M. M. XX, 1909, pp. 94-99. 
“Workers of Lasius flavus (? L. wmbratus) among Lastus 
fuliginosus.” Ent. Record XXII, 1910, pp. 67-69. 
Darwin, CHARLES. ‘‘The Origin of Species,” Vol. I, 1888, pp. 
326-342, 
DonistHorre, H. Sr. J. K. (2) “Myrmecophilous Coleoptera in 
1897.” Ent. Record 1897, p. 246. 
