420 Licut.-Colon gig: Manders on a factor in the 
contrary that it still represents without any considerable 
modification the ancestral type. 
The distribution of the third species, #. klugii, is some- 
what peculiar, but its head-quarters is undoubtedly Assam. 
Thence eastwards it passes through Burma and Tenasserim 
to the Malay Peninsula, where there is no occasion to 
follow it, but westwards it occurs in Bhutan, Sikkim, Bengal, 
Maldah, and in the Madras Presidency in Ganjam, Godaveri 
and in the Gunter District south of the Kistna, not at all 
on the eastern side of the Western Ghats, but somewhat 
scarce and local on the western side, and thence to the 
hill districts of Ceylon, where it is decidedly scarce 
and local. 
In coloration it is very variable; in Ceylon, as I have 
said, it is like the former two, and in South India it likewise 
resembles them. As we trace its distribution north-east- 
wards through Maldah to Sikkim and Assam, the butterfly 
assumes more or less a blue gloss on the forewing, and to 
quote de Nicéville,* “in some parts of Bengal (Maldah) and 
in Sikkim specimens are met with entirely unglossed, or 
partly glossed with blue towards the base of the wing, while 
in Assam, Arakan and Peeu the whole of the forewing is 
usually most richly blue glossed. This phenomenon may 
be due to mimicry, as in the Khasia Hills of Assam, where 
Pademmas (to which subgenus of Huploea, klugii belongs, 
N. M.) are individually most numerous. 2. midanvus (now 
known as JV. mulciber, N. M.) is also exceedingly common, 
and the Pademmas probably mimic it or some other blue 
glossed species. The only thing to be said against this 
theory is that in Maldah, where many specimens are most 
distinctly glossed with blue, there are no other blue 
EHuploeas which these Pademmas could mimic; the occur- 
rence of these latter in Maldah may, however, be due to im- 
migration.” J am confident, however, that Mr. de Nicéville 
would not have held or put forward this latter suggestion 
if he had been aware that a local form of Huploea muleiber 
(kalinga, Doherty) occurs not uncommonly as far south 
as the right bank of the Kistna, in the Madras Presidency, 
and where #. klugii is by no means rare; and if this 
was a case of mimicry £. klugii should here be blue 
glossed, but on the contrary it is always brown, and an 
* “Note on the Indian Butterflies comprised in the subgenus 
Pademma of the Euploea,” by L. de Nicéyille, Jowrnal Asiatic Society 
of Bengal, 1892, pl. ii, p. 237. 
