424, Lieut.-Colgpas N. Manders on a factor in the 
winged A. disa, A. hecate, another presumed model, and 
its presumed mimic A. psyttalea ; also the medium spotted 
albimaculata and echeria mimics, and on the north-east 
shore the medium spotted psyttalea form, damoclides, model. 
To the east of the Rift Valley in Kikuyu, where albimacu- 
lata and echeria are dominant, the country rises to 6,500 ft. 
above the sea, and no doubt has a lesser rainfall and is 
not so hot as Uganda. This I should have expected would 
produce the larger spotted species; but the spots in these 
are slightly smaller than those from the Nyanza. Buta 
larger series is much to be desired, as unfortunately Mr, 
Neave had only eight specimens of the two species for 
measurement. 
Durban, whence come the specimens figured by him, is 
on the sea-coast, and is hotter and more humid than 
either Kikuyu or Uganda at certain seasons of the year, 
and thus we find these species with smaller spots. Climate 
may also very possibly account for the small-spotted form 
of Neptis woodfordi from the N.E. shore of the Victoria 
Nyanza and the larger spotted form from Kikuyu, which 
latter Professor Poulton considers also to have been 
influenced by the dominant Amauris to form a Miillerian 
combination. 
I have but slight personal acquaintance with A. alli- 
maculata and echeria, but have a very fair knowledge of 
an allied species, A. phaedon. This butterfly occurs in 
Mauritius commonly, it is peculiar to the island, and being 
completely isolated from all other Am«uris there is no 
question of mimicry, and yet we find in a good series 
every variation from an unspotted discoidal cell to one 
with a well-marked spot quite as large as the spots of 
A, allimaculata from the Kikuyu country. If this is the 
case in a small island only thirty-six miles in diameter, it 
should teach us caution in drawing conclusions from allied 
butterflies inhabiting a country about half the size of 
Europe. I agree with de Nicéville * that in certain groups 
of Huploca, and I would add Amauris, there is an inherent 
tendency to vary or capacity for so doing which is not due 
to seasonal or climatic causes; but I would go a step 
further and say that this inherited tendency to vary may 
be influenced by climate, which, if sufficiently favourable, 
* “Notes on a protean Indian butterfly, H. harrisii, Felder,’ 
by L. de Nicéville, Trans. Ent. Soc. London, 1892, p, 247, 
