504 y T. A. Chapman on the 
takes a bend at vein 3, in excess of what it does in the 
moss-feeders. In this respect pallida agrees with the 
moss-feeders, but it disagrees in a character to which 
Knaggs called attention in 1869 (E. M.M., p. 291), viz. 
the relation of the orbicular and claviform stigmata to 
the first line. In the root-feeders these stigmata touch 
the line; in the moss-feeders, one or both are free from it. 
By this character pallida should be a root-feeder. 
A. Scoparia dubitalis. 
B. Budoria sudetica. 
Camera sketch of neuration of fore-wing, characteristic of ‘‘ root-feeders ” (Scoparia) 
and ‘‘ moss-feeders” (Budovia). Note relative lengths of a and 0 in the two species. 
3rd. The male appendages in the root-feeders have 
conspicuous darts (cornuti) in the aedoeagus ; the clasps 
have at their ventral basal aspect a thickened portion, 
ending at half the length of the clasp in a free spine 
(Harpe), and the uncus is tapering, sharp, and simple. 
In the moss-feeders there are no cornuti, no spine on 
the margin of the clasp, and the end of the uncus is blunt, 
almost double, due to the arch underneath coming close to 
the tip, instead of arching across some way from the end, 
