27 



In 1913 the experiments were conducted on a larger scale but owing to 

 illness the speaker's connection with the work was very slight after the general 

 plan had been worked out. The results of the experiments in 1913 are shown 

 in the following table: 



Treatment Scab Codling Moth Curculio 



% % % 



Untreated 80 12.0 39 



Lime-sulfur solution 21 1.4 23 



Dust mixture 33 0.4 4 



In 1914 we felt justified in enlarging the scope of the experiments. 

 Three orchards were used located in different parts of the State: at Holley 

 in the western part, at North Rose farther east but still in the Lake Ontario 

 plain, and at Owego in the hill country near the southern border of the 

 State. At Holley the variety was Baldwin; at North Rose, and Owego, Ben 

 Davis. The value of the experiments at the last two places was destroyed 

 because we were unable to make the applications at exactly the proper time. 

 At Holley, however, the proper applications were made and satisfactory re- 

 sults obtained. This orchard consisted of very large Baldwin trees about 

 fifty years of age. The orchard was divided into five plats each containing 

 from thirty-eight to forty-three trees. One plat was left untreated as a check, 

 the other four plats were treated with different materials as follows :^ — 



1. Sulfur 80%, arsenate of lead 20%. 



2. Sulfur 40%, arsenate of lead 10%, finely ground gypsum 50%. 



3. Sulfur 40%, arsenate of lead 10%, hydrated lime''50%. 



4. Lime-sulfur solution (30° Baume) 2^ gallons, arsenate of lead 3 

 pounds, water to make 100 gallons. 



The last plat was sprayed by the owner of the orchard according to his 

 usual methods. The work was done with thoroughness and care and the 

 applications were made on the same day as the dust applications. The dust 

 was applied with an "Ideal" power dusting outfit operated by a 2| h.p. 

 horizontal gas engine, previous experiments having shown that the less power- 

 ful engine would not do satisfactory work. 



The sulfur used in all the dust mixtures was flour sulfur very finely 

 ground, so that 95% will pass through a screen having 200 meshes to the inch. 

 On one plat it was used with arsenate of lead without dilution; on the other 

 two plats the mixture was diluted by adding 50% of finely ground gypsum 

 and hydrated lime, respectively. These diluents were added for the purpose 

 of reducing the cost of the material and in order to make it possible to apply 

 a smaller amount of the sulfur and arsenate of lead without missing parts of 

 the trees. 



