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during the fall in crevices in the bark of locust trees. The grubs cut their 

 winding tunnels deep into the wood and upwards from the point of 

 entrance. Many grubs may be working in the same portion of the tree, 

 and the trunks and branches are badly distorted, killed outright, or so 

 weakened as to be easily broken. 





A poplar partly killed by the poplar borer, S. calearala. 



