118 PROTECTION OF PLANTS. 1<)16 1/ 



THE EYE-SPOTTED BUD-MOTH 



{Encosma (Spilonota) oceUana Schiff.) . 



E. Melville DuPorte, Macdonald College. 



The following studies on one of our most injurious orchard pestsrwefre 

 made during the seasons of 1914-1916, chiefly on the island of Montreal; 

 but observations were also made in orchards at LaTrappe.Como, Abbottsford', 

 Rougemont and Ste. Hilaire, and information was obtained from varioiis 

 sources as to the prevalence of the insect in different parts of the province. 



Food Plants 



In Europe the bud-moth has been recorded from apple, pear, quince, 

 Carpinus,' Crataegus, Sorbus, Quercus, Alnus, mountain ash, cherry, sloe and 

 larch. Heineman describes a distinct variety laricana from the larch. 



In America the food plants mentioned are apple, pear, plum, cherry, 

 quince, peach, blackberry, laurel oak. In Quebec the writer has collected 

 it on apple, plum, cherry, pear, wild plums, Crataegus, and an ornamental 

 flowering crab. These hosts are given in order of their importance. The 

 insect shows a marked preference' for the apple; in young apple orchards 

 with plum and cherry fillers the latter are not greatly injured as compared 

 with the apples. I have failed to find it on the blackberry even when the 

 canes were growing betw een rows of infested apple trees. 



Description 



{Adult Fig!. S &' 6\ Larva Figs, i & 2\ Pupa Figs j & 4.) 



Adult.— -A small moth with a wing expanse of 14 mm. to 16mm. 

 (5 inch). Antennae filiform, in the male apparently notched at the base 

 owing to the presence of a slight protuberance at the anterior edge of the 

 fourth segment and a spur on each of the sixth and seventh segments. 

 The head and thorax are dark grey. The basal third of the upper 

 surface of the forewings is concolorous with the thorax. The middle 

 of the wing is cream to grey forming a light-coloured band across the 

 wing, widest at the costal margin. This band is usually mottled with 

 more or less indefinite areas of grey, and its margins are often marked 

 with well-defined small dark spots or vertical streaks. On the inner 

 margin near the anal angle is a large well-defined dark grey triangle. 

 Outside of this is a lead blue vertical streak followed by a usually 



