54 PEOTECTION OF PLANTS — 1923-24 



Specially investigated by Mr. Glendenning from the Agassiz laboratory are 

 Bemhecia marginata Harr., Phorbia rubivora Coq., Epochra canademis Loew., 

 Psylliodes punctulata Mels., Epitrix cucumeris Harr., Phyllotreta albionica Lee. 

 and Eriosoma uhni L'nn. 



At the Victoria laboratory, Mr. Downes has made excellent progress in 

 the study of small fruit insects. During recent years he has also investigated 

 the life-history and control of the Poplar Sawfly, Trichiocampus vimimalis 

 Fallen; the leaf-roller, Cacoecia rosana L. ; and two insects affecting holly, namely 

 Proteopteryx ilicifoliana Kearf., and Phytomyza ilia's Curtis. In addition, 

 too, he has made systematic studies in the Hemiptera. In 1922. Mr. E. R 

 Buckell was appointed to the federal service. In that year a serious out break, 

 of grasshoppers occurred in the range sections of the Nicola Valley and a 

 temporary laboratory was established at Nicola, in charge of Mr. Buckell, 

 with Mr. P. N. Vroom assisting. 



In 1913, a study of the biology and control of bark-beetles was incepted 

 in British Columbia. Control operations on an extensive scale were begun du- 

 ring the winter of 1918-1919 in the Coldwater, Spious, and adjacent valleys, in 

 co-operation with th.? Provincial and Dominion Forestry Branches. This 

 work has been under the immediate direction of Mr. Ralph Hopping appointed 

 to our service in 1919. Surveys previously made by Dr. Swaine had shown 

 that the Mountain Pine beetle, Dendroctonus monticolae Hopk., and the Western 

 Pine beetle, Dendroctoma brevicomic Lee, had destroyed millions of dollars 

 worth of yellow pine. With the adoption of control measures, vellow pine 

 trees worth more than six millions of dollars were saved from destruction up to 

 1922. This bark-beetle control work has given definite and most satisfactory 

 results. It is undoubtedly one of the outstanding examples of such control 

 work y?t undertaken. Throughout this whole investigation Dr. Swain? has 

 been clos?ly associated with Mr. Hopping. Outljreaks of the Mountain Pine 

 beetle in lodgepole pine and western white pine and of the Douglas Fir beeth, 

 Dendrocionuf pf-eudofugae Hopk., have also been studied and control operations 

 established. In 1921, th3 Branch published Circular No. 15. "Th.: Control 

 of Bark-b,^etle outbreaks in British Columbia," by Mr. Hopping. In this 

 year a rather remarkable outbreak of the tussock moth, Hemerocampa pseu- 

 dotmgata McD., occurred in Vernon and adjacent neighborhoods. Injury by 

 this insect in 1917, at Hedley, B. C, and in 1918, at Chase B. C. had pre- 

 viously been recorded, by ]\Ir W. B. Anderson, in The Agricultural Gazette of Ca- 

 nada, Yol. 6, 139, under the name of //emerocaw pa vetusta gidosa Hy. Edit. Du- 

 ring the years covered by this review. Dr. Swain? has made several forest 

 insect surveys in a number of sections of British Columbia as a result of which 

 it has been possible to develop control recommendations of considerable 

 value. 



A laboratory for mosquito investigations, was e.-itablished at Mission, 

 B. C, in 1919, with Mr. Eric Hearle, in charge. During th^'s year, a faunal 

 survey of many of the breedmg areas in the Eraser Valley was undertaken, 

 and much /aluable data assembled. During 1920, the mosquito plague was, 

 next to the actual loss of crop from the flooding of the Eraser river, the most 

 vital economic factor affecting the lower portion of the valleJ^ Nearly all 

 the lumber camps in the affected district were closed down for vaiying pe- 

 riods, construction of roads was hampered and general farming and horticultu- 

 ral interests seriously handicapped. These investigations were continued in 

 1920 and 1921. In the latter year with the co-operation of the Air Board, 



