22 PROTECTION OF PLANTS — 1925-24 



During the existence of this station, it has accompUshed the following principal works: 



1. The control of Bothy noderes punctiverdris Germ (pest of sugar bee ). (At the same time, 



observations were made on the chief features of the life of this pest). 

 3. The control of Euxoa segetum Schiff in beetroot plantations. 



3. " " " Oscinis frit Li. 



4. " " " Cecidomyia destructor Say. 



5. " " " Phlydaenodes strictacalis on beetroot plantations. 



6. " " " Siphonophora pisi Kaltenbach. 



7. " " pests of gardens. 



8. " " forest pests. 



Also the station made many oliservations on a number of other insect pests, which greatly 

 increased its knowledge of their life histories. 



Special attention was paid by this station to the control of insect pests by the parasitic 

 method, while from the very beginning, it was obliged to give attention to the insects that injured 

 stored products. 



In 1912, the station, with the financial support of the Department, organized the 3rd Inter- 

 national Conference of Sprayers. 



In Smela, also in the province of Kiev, there has existed since 1901 a My co-entomological 

 experimental station, supported by the All-Russian Sugar Planters Association, which is occupied 

 in stud j'ing pests and disea.ses of sugar beet, and other cultivated plants involved in the beet 

 culture; also of weeds, for it is on them that the pests and diseases of cultivated plants are usually 

 developed. 



The purpose of these observations was to discover preventive measures and means for 

 destroying the insects and diseases. 



Volyn Entomological [Bureau: — 



Established in 1913. 



Unfortunately the war, especially in 1915 when one-third of the province was occupied by the 

 enemy, absolutely prevented the development of the work of the Bureau. In spite of all these un- 

 favourable conditions, the bureau in 1914 and 1915 made observations on quite a large number 

 of pests of fruit and orchard plants; also on pests of hops, beetroot and other crops. 



5. Southern Region :^ — 



This region is provided with four entomological organization: — 1. The Bio-entomological 

 station in the Zemstvo of Bessarabia; 2. Entomological section of the Department of Agriculture 

 in the Zemstvo of Ekaterinoslav ; 3. Entomological organization in the Zemstvo of the Crimea; 

 4. Entomolog'cal Station of Kherson. 



The oldest of these entomological organizations is that of the Crimea; then follows that of 

 Kherson; after that, that of Bessarabia; and lastly that of Ekaterinoslav. 



Entomological organization in the Crimea: — 



The functions of the entomological bureau in the Crimea are performed by the local museum 

 of Natural History which was established at the suggestion of the entomologist I. A. Mokzzhecky, 

 who was invited to fil! the post of economic entomologist soon after its establishment by the Zemst- 

 vo on June 10, 1893. The Chief reason for establishing this post was the appearance in the Crimea 

 in 1891 of a new insect Eiirygas'er ni'iurus, which was not then known, and which in 1892 destroyed 

 about 60,000 acres of wheat in the district of Theodossia. 



The duties of this entomologist are: 



1. Observations on insect pests in places where they appear, and the organization of measures 



to destroy them. 



2. The organization of observations on insect pests in their natural surroundings. 



3. The organization of experments for testing one or other measure for the destruction of 



field and garden pests; the testing of different insecticides; and experiments for testing 

 other methods of keeping plants healthy and destroying pests, such as fumigation, para- 

 sites, etc. 



4. Consultation work, which consists of giving verbal or written advice to owners in reply to 



their questions concerning the destruction of insect pests. 



(l) At present in Poland. 



